Exercise Training and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Males with Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review of
Aynaz Pourmotahari1, Shahnaz Shahrbanian1, Rashmi Supriya2
1Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran P.O. Box 14115-111, Iran.
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
|February 26, 2025
Summary
Exercise interventions can help reduce cardiovascular risks in obese men. Combined exercise programs show promise for improving lipid profiles, while high-intensity interval training may lower blood pressure, though results vary.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Health
- Exercise Physiology
- Obesity Management
Background:
- Obesity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD).
- Physical exercise is a proven intervention to decrease cardiovascular mortality.
- Understanding exercise effects on CVD risk factors in obese men is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the impact of different exercise modalities on cardiovascular risk factors in men with obesity.
- To analyze effects on blood pressure, lipid profiles, and glucose/insulin regulation.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published from 2005 to November 2023.
- Included males aged 18+ with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m².
- Assessed interventions' effects on blood pressure, lipids, and glucose/insulin regulation; study quality evaluated using PEDro scale.
Main Results:
- 25 RCTs analyzed (PEDro scores 3-7).
- High-intensity interval training (HIIT) showed significant blood pressure reduction (avg. 12.5 mmHg), but results varied.
- Resistance training (RT) offered modest glycemic control improvements; combined (CT) and aerobic exercise improved lipid profiles (total cholesterol -10-15% in some studies), but findings were inconsistent.
Conclusions:
- Exercise training can reduce cardiovascular risk factors in obese men, with effectiveness varying by modality.
- Combined exercise programs show potential for improving lipid profiles, warranting further investigation.
- HIIT may reduce blood pressure, but inconsistent results necessitate research into optimal protocols and study quality.
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