Analysis of Gene Differences Between F and B Epidemic Lineages of Bandavirus Dabieense

The prevalence of SFTS is becoming increasingly widespread and is expected to become a significant security issue. The article discusses the prevalence regions and genetic differences in two SFTSV lineages, so as to provide a scientific data basis for the clinical control and prevention of fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome. The literature involving SFTSV patients from 2009 to 2023 and SFTSV complete genome sequences uploaded by NCBI were collected and sorted out, based on time and SFTSV lineage division, we analyzed viral gene sequence. SFTSV patient data were continuously reported from 2009 to 2023, involving five countries including China, South Korea, Japan, Thailand, and Vietnam. There are obvious lineage and host divisions between the SFTSV lineages prevalent in China and abroad. The sources of B-lineage SFTSV samples are mainly concentrated in South Korea, Japan, and the middle and lower reaches of Hubei or Zhejiang in China, with half of the samples coming from humans and half from animals, and the F series SFTSV samples were mainly collected from provinces such as Anhui and Henan in China, with the main source being human patients. The F-lineage SFTSV is the highest proportion in the middle and upper provinces in China. The B lineage has recently appeared in Zhejiang and Taiwan and is prevalent abroad. Using prediction software based on molecular structure prediction technology, analyze the differences between the B and F lineages of SFTSV through prediction methods such as nucleotide mutations, gene recombination, mutation sites, and evolution rates. Conclusively, the differences in SFTSV between B and F lineages may be related to gene recombination of M and L fragments, it was also found that the B lineage had a lower recombination rate and mutation rate than the F lineage, and the evolutionary rate was prominently different. Comparative analysis of the differences in two SFTSV lineage genes could further understand the epidemic status of SFTSV and provide help and more insights for the prevention of the spread of specific types of SFTSV.