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Microwave Photonics Systems Based on Whispering-gallery-mode Resonators

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Low-Noise Millimeter-Wave Down-Conversion Technology for Chip-Scaled Optical Clocks.

Shuai Li^1,2, Lulu Yan^2,3, Enrang Zheng¹

¹School of Electrical and Control Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|February 26, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A new millimeter-wave (MM-wave) signal down-conversion system achieves ultra-low phase noise for chip-scaled optical clocks. This technology enables high-frequency signal processing critical for advanced timing applications.

Keywords:

chip-scaled optical clock down-conversion millimeter-wave regenerative frequency division

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Area of Science:

Electrical Engineering
Optical Physics
Signal Processing

Background:

Chip-scaled optical clocks require precise frequency conversion of high-frequency millimeter-wave (MM-wave) signals.
Existing systems often struggle with phase noise and frequency stability at these demanding levels.
Advancements in MM-wave technology are crucial for next-generation timing and metrology.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and demonstrate a novel MM-wave signal down-conversion system.
To achieve ultra-low phase noise performance for chip-scaled optical clock applications.
To validate the system's suitability for state-of-the-art optical clock and micro-cavity optical comb integration.

Main Methods:

Employed analog regenerative frequency division.
Utilized low-noise fractional frequency division techniques.
Implemented phase-locked frequency division for signal down-conversion from 100 GHz to 100 MHz and 10 MHz.

Main Results:

Achieved phase noise levels of -117 dBc/Hz @100 Hz and -133 dBc/Hz @1 kHz for the 100 MHz output.
Recorded phase noise of -124 dBc/Hz @100 Hz and -143 dBc/Hz @1 kHz for the 10 MHz output.
Demonstrated excellent frequency stability, reaching the 10^-16 level at 10,000 seconds for both output frequencies.

Conclusions:

The developed MM-wave down-conversion system successfully meets stringent phase noise and frequency stability requirements.
The system is well-suited for integration with advanced chip-based optical clocks and micro-cavity optical combs.
This work represents a significant step towards realizing high-performance, compact optical timing solutions.