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The Key Importance of Screening Underprivileged People in Order to Achieve Global Hepatitis Virus Elimination Targets

Laura Gragnani1, Monica Monti2, Irene De Giorgi1

  • 1Department of Translational Research and New Medical and Surgical Technologies, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.

Viruses
|February 26, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Community-based screening for chronic hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) effectively reaches vulnerable populations. These targeted efforts improve diagnosis and care linkage, crucial for global viral hepatitis elimination goals.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology and Viral Hepatitis Research
  • Public Health and Epidemiology
  • Health Equity and Social Determinants of Health

Background:

  • Chronic viral hepatitis, including hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis D (HDV), and hepatitis C (HCV), significantly contributes to liver disease, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and mortality.
  • Despite advancements in treatment and vaccination, viral hepatitis remains a substantial global health challenge, disproportionately affecting vulnerable populations.
  • Barriers to care and exclusion from traditional health systems exacerbate undiagnosed cases and transmission, hindering the World Health Organization's (WHO) 2030 elimination targets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of viral hepatitis on underserved populations and highlight the need for tailored interventions.
  • To emphasize the importance of community-based screening initiatives in addressing health inequalities and improving access to care.
  • To underscore the critical role of targeted strategies in achieving WHO viral hepatitis elimination goals.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent studies and literature on viral hepatitis prevalence, impact, and intervention strategies in vulnerable populations.
  • Analysis of the effectiveness of community-based, on-site screening programs in marginalized communities.
  • Examination of linkage to care rates and integration into healthcare systems for underserved groups.

Main Results:

  • On-site community-based screening initiatives demonstrate success in reaching marginalized populations, achieving higher linkage to care rates.
  • Targeted interventions, such as community screening, can overcome barriers faced by homeless individuals, migrants, and economically disadvantaged groups.
  • These approaches facilitate diagnosis and integration into healthcare, addressing both public health needs and social disparities.

Conclusions:

  • Tailored, community-based strategies are essential for the early detection and management of chronic HBV and HCV in underserved populations.
  • Addressing social determinants of health and health inequalities is critical for achieving global viral hepatitis elimination.
  • Enhanced screening and care integration are vital for improving health outcomes and advancing public health goals in vulnerable communities.

Keywords:
chronic hepatitis B (HBV)chronic hepatitis C (HCV)marginalityrapid screeningvulnerable populations

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