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Updated: May 25, 2025

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Defect dynamics in cholesterics: beyond the Peach-Koehler force.

Joseph Pollard1,2, Richard G Morris1,2,3

  • 1School of Physics, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. joe.pollard@unsw.edu.au.

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|February 26, 2025
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In chiral liquid crystals, meron interactions, not standard forces, govern disclination lines. This finding, using contact topology, impacts understanding of modulated liquid crystal phases.

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Area of Science:

  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Liquid Crystal Science
  • Topological Defects

Background:

  • The Peach-Koehler force is standard for disclination line interactions in nematics.
  • This framework faces challenges in symmetry-broken ground states.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate disclination line interactions in chiral nematics.
  • Propose meron-disclination interactions as a dominant factor.
  • Develop an alternative theoretical framework.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of chiral nematic liquid crystals.
  • Computational simulations.
  • Application of contact topology and the Gray stability theorem.

Main Results:

  • Meron line emission alters defect winding in chiral nematics.
  • Meron-defect interactions dominate over defect-defect forces.
  • The Peach-Koehler framework is insufficient for these systems.

Conclusions:

  • Meron-disclination interactions are crucial in chiral nematics.
  • Contact topology offers a viable alternative for analyzing defect dynamics.
  • Findings extend to other modulated liquid crystal phases.