Trends of acute myocardial infarction-related deaths in US patients from 1999 to 2020

The objective of this study was to analyze the temporal trends and demographic/geographical disparities in acute myocardial infarction (AMI)-related mortality among individuals aged 15 and older across the United Sates (US).

We evaluated death records from 1999 to 2020 that were obtained from the CDC WONDER database. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 persons and annual percent changes (APC) were computed, with stratification by year, sex, race/ethnicity, and geographic region.

Between 1999 and 2020, 3,016,546 AMI-related deaths were reported in the United States. The overall AAMR was 51.9 per 100,000 (95% CI: 51.8-52.0). Over the course of the study, the crude mortality rate (CMR) increased with age. Males exhibited a consistently higher overall annual AAMR (67.4, 95% CI: 67.3, 67.5) than females (39.5, 95% CI: 39.4, 39.6). In comparison to other races, Black (or African American) people had the highest death rates, with an AAMR of 58.9 (95% CI: 58.7, 59.1). The South region mortality rate (AAMR = 57.7; 95% CI: 57.6, 57.8) was higher than that of the Northeast, Midwest, and West. Specifically, Kentucky had the highest death rate (87.7, 95% CI: 87.0, 88.3), followed by Missouri (80.3, 95% CI: 79.8, 80.8) and Mississippi (85.6, 95% CI: 85.0, 86.6).

During the period from 1999 to 2020, males, Black/African American adults and those living in the South and other nonmetropolitan areas of the country typically had the highest AAMRs.