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Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

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Multiparametric MRI: can we assess renal function differently?

Corentin Tournebize1,2,3, Maxime Schleef1,2,3, Aurélie De Mul1,2

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New magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques like diffusion-weighted (DWI) and blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) MRI offer noninvasive ways to assess kidney function and disease progression, aiding in personalized treatment decisions.

Keywords:
blood oxygen level-dependent MRIdiffusion-weighted MRImagnetic resonance relaxometrymultiparametric magnetic resonance imagingrenal function evaluation

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Current tools for evaluating renal performance are limited.
  • Newer Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) techniques offer potential solutions.
  • These techniques can assess early biological changes without contrast agents, radiation, or nephrotoxicity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge and future applications of advanced MRI techniques in nephrology.
  • To highlight the potential of multiparametric MRI for noninvasive renal assessment.
  • To discuss the roles of diffusion-weighted (DWI) MRI, blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) MRI, and magnetic resonance relaxometry (T1/T2 mapping).

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on advanced MRI techniques in nephrology.
  • Focus on diffusion-weighted (DWI) MRI for assessing water molecule movement.
  • Focus on blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) MRI for tissue oxygenation.
  • Focus on T1 and T2 mapping for assessing tissue water content and fibrosis.

Main Results:

  • DWI MRI shows promise for assessing interstitial fibrosis and predicting renal function decline in diabetic nephropathy.
  • BOLD MRI can assess tissue oxygenation in conditions like renal artery stenosis and predict kidney function decline in chronic kidney diseases (CKD).
  • T1 mapping shows corticomedullary dedifferentiation in CKD, correlating negatively with glomerular filtration rate, potentially aiding fibrosis assessment.

Conclusions:

  • Multiparametric MRI offers a noninvasive, repeatable method for evaluating renal performance.
  • These techniques can improve understanding of renal physiology/pathophysiology, lesion characterization, and early disease detection.
  • Further clinical trials are needed for routine integration into clinical practice for personalized patient care.