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Higher Precision of Memory for Time Using Verbal-Numerical Versus Visuospatial Reports.

Monica Di Ghionno¹, Matteo Frisoni², Annalisa Tosoni³

¹Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.

Psychological Reports

|February 26, 2025

Summary

Assessing temporal memory using verbal reports, not visual analog scales (VAS), enhances memory precision. This study reveals a novel memory facilitation effect with verbal-numerical temporal judgments.

Keywords:

Episodic memory memory for time mental timeline space and time interaction temporal judgment verbal numerical estimation visual analog scale

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Neuroscience
Memory Research

Background:

Temporal representation of past events is crucial for memory.
Previous studies suggested visual analog scales (VAS) provide precise temporal judgments for audiovisual material.
This precision was hypothesized to stem from visuospatial representations.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare temporal memory performance using visual analog scales versus verbal-numerical reports.
To investigate the influence of representational bias on temporal memory accuracy.
To identify potential memory facilitation effects based on report modality.

Main Methods:

Participants encoded a 90-minute movie.
The next day, temporal judgments of extracted video clips were collected.
A between-subject and a within-subject design compared VAS and verbal-numerical reports.

Main Results:

Verbal-numerical reports yielded higher memory precision than visual analog scales (VAS).
This finding was consistent across both between-subject and within-subject designs.
Results challenge the notion of a spatial representational bias in temporal memory.

Conclusions:

Verbal-numerical assessment enhances temporal memory precision.
A previously unrecognized memory facilitation effect exists for verbal-numerical temporal judgments.
The study suggests modality of assessment significantly impacts temporal memory accuracy.