Association between Dietary Inflammatory Index and IL-17A level in a Mexican cross-sectional study

Introduction: the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) provides a quantitative means for assessing the role of diet in relation to health outcomes. Objetive: this study aimed to assess the association between the inflammatory potential of diet, as measured by the DII and IL-17A levels in young adults. Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted on 69 adults between 18-30 y of age in San Luis Potosi, Mexico. Fasting blood samples were collected to analyze lipid profile, glucose homeostasis, and IL-17A. Dietary intake was assessed using a 24-hour recall. DII scores were calculated from 19 available food parameters. Univariate linear regression models were estimated to evaluate the possible dependence of IL-17A levels (dependent variables) on some potential explicative variables such as anthropometric, clinical, biochemical, and dietary variables. Results: there was a high inflammatory potential, with a mean DII score of +1.04 (range: -2.19 to +2.78). The DII was not associated with BMI, IL-17A levels or cardiometabolic risk factors. Conclusion: the study shows that the diets of healthy college-aged Mexican adults had a high inflammatory potential.