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Biobank for Translational Medicine: Standard Operating Procedures for Optimal Sample Management

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Biobanking: Possibilities for Wastewater-Based Epidemiology.

Masaaki Kitajima¹, Hirohisa Abe², Ryo Honda^3,4

¹Research Center for Water Environment Technology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

Biopreservation and Biobanking

|February 26, 2025

Summary

Wastewater analysis effectively tracks COVID-19 and other diseases, offering early public health insights. Developing wastewater biobanking, especially for ambient storage, can improve global disease surveillance, particularly in low-resource settings.

Keywords:

biobank privacy public health wastewater surveillance wastewater-based epidemiology

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Area of Science:

Environmental microbiology
Public health surveillance
Infectious disease epidemiology

Background:

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need for innovative public health strategies.
Wastewater analysis emerged as a powerful tool for monitoring infectious diseases in communities.
Longitudinal pathogen surveillance necessitates robust sample storage solutions.

Purpose of the Study:

To underscore the significance of wastewater biobanking for public health.
To explore the potential of ambient-temperature or dry storage for wastewater samples.
To discuss the public health implications and ethical considerations of wastewater-based epidemiology.

Main Methods:

Review of wastewater analysis techniques for pathogen detection.
Assessment of biobanking strategies for environmental samples.
Analysis of public health benefits and ethical challenges of wastewater epidemiology.

Main Results:

Wastewater analysis accurately reflects community infection levels and acts as an early warning system.
Wastewater biobanking enables retrospective population-level health insights.
Ambient or dry storage of biobanked samples could expand the reach of this technology.

Conclusions:

Wastewater-based epidemiology is a valuable tool for public health surveillance.
Wastewater biobanking offers significant advantages for longitudinal disease monitoring.
Careful consideration of benefits and risks is crucial for the ethical implementation of wastewater epidemiology.