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Fault material heterogeneity controls deep interplate earthquakes
Yihe Huang1, Satoshi Ide2, Aitaro Kato3
1Department of Earth and Environment Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA.
Science Advances
|February 26, 2025
Summary
Earthquake clusters are linked to localized fault damage and fluid enrichment. These conditions create stress changes, promoting frequent deep earthquakes in Japan subduction zones.
Area of Science:
- Geophysics
- Seismology
- Tectonics
Background:
- Earthquakes often concentrate in specific areas, suggesting control by fault properties and stress variations.
- Understanding fault material and stress heterogeneity is crucial for earthquake hazard assessment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate fault material and stress heterogeneity in the Japan subduction zone.
- To correlate localized structures with earthquake cluster occurrences.
Main Methods:
- High-resolution imaging of fault materials and earthquake sources.
- Integration of material and source imaging with numerical simulations.
- Analysis of seismic data from the Japan subduction zone.
Main Results:
- Identified localized, anisotropic structures with near-zero Poisson's ratio around earthquake clusters.
- These structures indicate a damaged, foliated, and fluid-rich fault medium.
- Localized structures cause stress perturbations favoring deep interplate earthquakes (60-70 km depth).
Conclusions:
- Fault material heterogeneity significantly influences earthquake occurrence.
- Identifying fault properties is key to improving earthquake hazard assessments.
- The findings provide insights into the mechanisms of deep interplate earthquakes.
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