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Detraining Effect on Sprint Swimming Performance and Load-Velocity Profile
Jesús J Ruiz-Navarro1, Óscar López-Belmonte1, Adrián Febles-Castro1
1Aquatics Lab, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance
|February 26, 2025
Summary
A 5-week off-season break impairs sprint swimming performance in both male and female swimmers. This decline is linked to detriments in the load-velocity profile, affecting key performance indicators.
Area of Science:
- Sports Science
- Physiology
- Swimming Performance
Background:
- Competitive swimmers often undergo off-season training cessation.
- Understanding the impact of detraining on performance is crucial for effective training periodization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effects of a 5-week training cessation on sprint swimming performance.
- To analyze changes in the load-velocity profile and related physiological variables post-detraining.
Main Methods:
- Twenty-four competitive swimmers (male and female) underwent performance and load-velocity profile testing before and after a 5-week off-season.
- Kinematic data, blood lactate, and perceived exertion were measured during load-velocity profile tests.
Main Results:
- Sprint performance decreased significantly in both males (1.3%) and females (3.8%).
- Load-velocity profile showed a reduced maximum load at zero velocity.
- Females experienced a decline in clean swimming speed, while males compensated by increasing stroke length.
Conclusions:
- A 5-week off-season period leads to detriments in sprint swimming performance and the load-velocity profile.
- Physiological and biomechanical variables, including blood lactate and stroke rate, are altered post-detraining.
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