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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Simple bone cyst with severe root resorption: a case report.

Da-Eun Ko1, Bong-Chul Kim2, Jung-Hoon Yoon1

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Daejeon Dental Hospital, Wonkwang University College of Dentistry, Daejeon, Korea.

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Summary

Simple bone cysts (SBCs) rarely cause tooth root resorption. This case highlights an SBC in the mandible associated with severe root resorption, offering diagnostic insights for similar radiolucent lesions.

Keywords:
Root resorptionSimple bone cystTooth resorptionTraumatic bone cyst

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Area of Science:

  • Oral pathology
  • Dentistry
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Simple bone cysts (SBCs) are non-neoplastic intraosseous cavities lacking epithelial lining.
  • They are typically asymptomatic and do not significantly affect surrounding structures.
  • SBCs associated with root resorption are infrequently documented in dental literature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of a simple bone cyst associated with severe root resorption.
  • To discuss the diagnostic considerations for radiolucent jaw lesions presenting with root resorption.

Main Methods:

  • A case study of a 63-year-old woman with a cystic lesion in the left mandible.
  • Radiographic and histological examination of the lesion and affected tooth.
  • Surgical exploration and analysis of the intraosseous cavity.

Main Results:

  • Radiography showed a well-demarcated radiolucent lesion with severe root resorption of the mandibular second molar.
  • Histological findings confirmed external root resorption and an epithelial-free cystic structure composed of fibrous collagenous tissue.
  • Surgical exploration revealed an empty cavity with minimal fibrous connective tissue.

Conclusions:

  • This case illustrates a rare presentation of simple bone cyst causing significant root resorption.
  • It underscores the importance of considering SBCs in the differential diagnosis of mandibular radiolucent lesions with root resorption.
  • The findings provide valuable insights for the diagnostic approach to such dental pathologies.