Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Steps in Outbreak Investigation01:18

Steps in Outbreak Investigation

102
In the ever-evolving field of public health, statistical analysis serves as a cornerstone for understanding and managing disease outbreaks. By leveraging various statistical tools, health professionals can predict potential outbreaks, analyze ongoing situations, and devise effective responses to mitigate impact. For that to happen, there are a few possible stages of the analysis:
102
Causality in Epidemiology01:21

Causality in Epidemiology

227
Causality or causation is a fundamental concept in epidemiology, vital for understanding the relationships between various factors and health outcomes. Despite its importance, there's no single, universally accepted definition of causality within the discipline. Drawing from a systematic review, causality in epidemiology encompasses several definitions, including production, necessary and sufficient, sufficient-component, counterfactual, and probabilistic models. Each has its strengths and...
227
Statistical Methods for Analyzing Epidemiological Data01:25

Statistical Methods for Analyzing Epidemiological Data

280
Epidemiological data primarily involves information on specific populations' occurrence, distribution, and determinants of health and diseases. This data is crucial for understanding disease patterns and impacts, aiding public health decision-making and disease prevention strategies. The analysis of epidemiological data employs various statistical methods to interpret health-related data effectively. Here are some commonly used methods:
280
Introduction to Epidemiology01:26

Introduction to Epidemiology

596
Epidemiology, known as the cornerstone of public health, involves studying the distribution and determinants of health-related events in defined populations and applying these insights to control health issues. This is essential for understanding how diseases spread, identifying populations at greater risk, and implementing measures to control or prevent outbreaks. Epidemiology addresses not only infectious diseases but also non-communicable conditions like cancer and cardiovascular disease,...
596
Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Algorithms for Numerical Problem Solving01:29

Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Algorithms for Numerical Problem Solving

38
Mechanistic models play a crucial role in algorithms for numerical problem-solving, particularly in nonlinear mixed effects modeling (NMEM). These models aim to minimize specific objective functions by evaluating various parameter estimates, leading to the development of systematic algorithms. In some cases, linearization techniques approximate the model using linear equations.
In individual population analyses, different algorithms are employed, such as Cauchy's method, which uses a...
38
Viral Recombination00:57

Viral Recombination

23.2K
Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
23.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The theory of epidemics with altruism.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Self-organized social distancing during epidemics when the force of infection depends on susceptible and infectious behavior.

Mathematical biosciences and engineering : MBE·2026
Same author

Simulating the Brownian motion of non-spherical particles via the smoothed profile method coupled with fluctuating hydrodynamics.

The Journal of chemical physics·2025
Same author

Rational social distancing policy during epidemics with limited healthcare capacity.

PLoS computational biology·2023
Same author

Direct numerical simulations of a microswimmer in a viscoelastic fluid.

Soft matter·2023
Same author

Rational social distancing in epidemics with uncertain vaccination timing.

PloS one·2023
Same journal

Tau protein as a regulator of mitochondrial function and dynamics.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same journal

A scalable, dividing cell model for the robust propagation and quantification of human sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease prions.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same journal

Epigenetic regulation of mesenchymal BMP signaling directs postnatal organ innervation.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same journal

Single-shot wide-field biochemical imaging at 1 kHz frame rate.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same journal

Morphogenesis and topological evolution of a frustrated nematic liquid crystal under confinement.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same journal

B cell-intrinsic CXCR3 drives efficient generation of ectopic pulmonary germinal center responses to influenza A virus infection.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2025

Optimization of Antigen Preparation for Hemagglutination Inhibition Assay of Newcastle Disease Virus Serology
07:04

Optimization of Antigen Preparation for Hemagglutination Inhibition Assay of Newcastle Disease Virus Serology

Published on: January 24, 2025

317

Understanding Nash epidemics.

Simon K Schnyder1, John J Molina2, Ryoichi Yamamoto2

  • 1Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|February 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individuals rationally reduce social contact during epidemics to minimize infection risk. This study models this behavior, revealing key dynamics between social distancing and infection spread for public health insights.

Keywords:
control theoryepidemiologygame theorymathematical modelingmean-field games

More Related Videos

A Mouse Model for the Transition of Streptococcus pneumoniae from Colonizer to Pathogen upon Viral Co-Infection Recapitulates Age-Exacerbated Illness
12:21

A Mouse Model for the Transition of Streptococcus pneumoniae from Colonizer to Pathogen upon Viral Co-Infection Recapitulates Age-Exacerbated Illness

Published on: September 28, 2022

2.3K
A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks
10:28

A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks

Published on: June 26, 2020

9.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 25, 2025

Optimization of Antigen Preparation for Hemagglutination Inhibition Assay of Newcastle Disease Virus Serology
07:04

Optimization of Antigen Preparation for Hemagglutination Inhibition Assay of Newcastle Disease Virus Serology

Published on: January 24, 2025

317
A Mouse Model for the Transition of Streptococcus pneumoniae from Colonizer to Pathogen upon Viral Co-Infection Recapitulates Age-Exacerbated Illness
12:21

A Mouse Model for the Transition of Streptococcus pneumoniae from Colonizer to Pathogen upon Viral Co-Infection Recapitulates Age-Exacerbated Illness

Published on: September 28, 2022

2.3K
A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks
10:28

A Cell Culture Model for Producing High Titer Hepatitis E Virus Stocks

Published on: June 26, 2020

9.6K

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Behavioral Economics
  • Mathematical Modeling

Background:

  • Epidemics prompt social distancing to mitigate infection risk, incurring socioeconomic costs.
  • Traditional epidemic models often overlook endogenous individual decision-making.
  • Integrating rational choice into epidemic models is crucial for understanding population behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze Nash equilibria in epidemic models with endogenous social distancing.
  • To derive time-dependent rational population behavior using an analytic solution.
  • To understand the relationship between individual behavior and population-level disease dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing an analytic solution for compartmentalized epidemic models.
  • Incorporating individual utility optimization for behavior determination.
  • Analyzing Nash equilibria to find stable population behaviors.

Main Results:

  • A direct relationship between rational social distancing and current infection levels was established.
  • Scaling laws were derived for infection peaks and total cases based on disease cost.
  • Characteristic infection costs defining behavioral response regimes were identified.
  • A closed-form expression for the utility value was obtained.

Conclusions:

  • Analytic results offer intuitive insights into epidemic dynamics for individuals and policymakers.
  • The social distancing-infection relationship can serve as a heuristic to promote rational behavior.
  • Understanding rational behavior is key to effective public health interventions during epidemics.