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Related Concept Videos

Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

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Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2025

Apoptosis Induction and Detection in a Primary Culture of Sea Cucumber Intestinal Cells
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Joint profiling of DNA methylomics and transcriptomic reveals roles of demethylation in regeneration of coelomocytes

Jiong Wu1, Mingmei Xu2, Chuanxin Qin3

  • 1Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-ecology and Aquaculture, Fisheries College, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China; Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Processing of Marine Fishery Resources of Hainan Province, Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya 572426, China.

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part D, Genomics & Proteomics
|February 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Sea cucumber evisceration weakens immunity. DNA demethylation aids coelomocyte regeneration, restoring immune defense in Apostichopus japonicus. This study reveals key molecular insights into immune system recovery.

Keywords:
Apostichopus japonicusCoelomocytesDNA methylomicsRegenerationTranscriptome

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Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Immunology
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Sea cucumbers (Apostichopus japonicus) experience significant mortality post-evisceration due to immune suppression.
  • Coelomocyte regeneration is crucial for restoring immune function after evisceration.
  • Epigenetic modifications, specifically DNA methylation, are implicated in this regenerative process.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of DNA methylation in coelomocyte regeneration following evisceration in Apostichopus japonicus.
  • To identify genes and pathways involved in immune system recovery through DNA methylation changes.

Main Methods:

  • Whole DNA methylation analysis of coelomocytes post-evisceration.
  • Transcriptomic and DNA methylomic analyses to identify differentially methylated genes.
  • KEGG pathway enrichment analysis to understand the functional roles of identified genes.

Main Results:

  • Total DNA methylation levels in coelomocytes decreased to a minimum at 12 hours post-evisceration (9.8%) before increasing at 24 hours.
  • 215 genes with significant hypomethylation near transcriptional start sites were identified.
  • Enriched KEGG pathways included signal transduction and molecular interactions, with genes like IGF1R, Notch2, and HSPA1s highlighted.

Conclusions:

  • DNA demethylation is a key mechanism driving coelomocyte regeneration after evisceration in Apostichopus japonicus.
  • The identified genes and pathways provide insights into the molecular basis of immune system remodeling.
  • This research offers novel perspectives for understanding and potentially enhancing sea cucumber immune recovery.