A circular economy based nonlinear corrugated waste management system using Fermatean bipolar hesitant fuzzy logic

In the era of increasing environmental awareness, the importance of efficient waste management cannot be overstated. Cardboard stands out among the many materials contributing to waste generation. With proper cardboard collection and recycling practices, one can make a significant difference and lead the way towards a more sustainable future. In this regard, this article attempts to configure an integrated green non-linear transportation system with circular economy approach to mitigate the negative effect of corrugated waste on social, economic and environmental sites. This non-linear transportation system aims to optimize objectives including overall transport expenditure, carbon footprints and travel time. One sub model is further developed from the proposed model by disuniting the effect of the circular economy. Here, to depict the uncertainty time sequential Fermatean bipolar hesitant fuzzy set theory is devised along with its all-dimensional aspects. The suggested transportation system is addressed by employing two approaches, weighted sum approach and global criterion methodology. Additionally, a case study is conducted to elaborate on the relevance of the devised model for sustainable management of corrugated waste. The results show that global criterion approach produces better results when three objectives are optimally valued as [Formula: see text]. The results indicate that the integration of circular economy into a supply chain model brings sustainability and reduces the ecological and human hazards associated with it. Finally, there is a sensitivity analysis, management insights, and a conclusion with limitations and future plans.