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Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

494
Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
494
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

426
Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
426
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

383
In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
383

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A hybrid multi model artificial intelligence approach for glaucoma screening using fundus images.

Parmanand Sharma1, Naoki Takahashi2, Takahiro Ninomiya2

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan. sharma.parmanand.c4@tohoku.ac.jp.

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|February 27, 2025
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Summary

An AI-based Glaucoma Screening (AI-GS) network effectively detects early glaucoma signs from fundus images. This AI tool shows promise for widespread screening and integration into portable devices.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Glaucoma is a primary cause of irreversible blindness globally.
  • Early detection of glaucoma is crucial for timely intervention and vision preservation.
  • Current screening methods may have limitations in detecting subtle, early structural changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate an AI-based Glaucoma Screening (AI-GS) network for early glaucoma detection using fundus images.
  • To assess the performance of the AI-GS network in identifying key structural indicators of glaucoma, such as optic disc cupping and nerve fiber layer defects.
  • To compare the diagnostic accuracy of the full AI-GS network against a standalone classification model in real-world settings.

Main Methods:

  • The study utilized a network of six lightweight deep learning models, termed AI-GS, with a total size of 110 MB.
  • The AI-GS network was trained to analyze fundus images for early glaucoma-related structural abnormalities.
  • Performance was evaluated using sensitivity and specificity metrics, including comparisons between the full network and individual components in real-world testing.

Main Results:

  • The AI-GS network demonstrated high accuracy in segmenting optic disc and cup, comparable to expert ophthalmologists.
  • In laboratory settings, the AI-GS network achieved a sensitivity of 0.9352 at 95% specificity.
  • In real-world testing, the full AI-GS network showed improved sensitivity (0.8053) at 0.9112 specificity compared to a standalone model (0.5652 sensitivity).

Conclusions:

  • The AI-GS network, comprising specialized sub-models, enhances the detection of early glaucoma structural changes.
  • The system's low computational requirements and tunable parameters support its potential for widespread implementation and integration with portable screening devices.
  • AI-GS offers a promising tool for improving glaucoma screening accessibility and advancing the understanding of disease progression.