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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 13, 2026

Minimally Invasive Endoscopic Intracerebral Hemorrhage Evacuation
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Beyond the bleed: Navigating fetal intraventricular hemorrhage.

Hillary C Lee1, Amee A Amin1, Danielle N Gonzales1

  • 1Section of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.

Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine
|February 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Antenatal intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) often leads to poor outcomes. However, this case shows a healthy infant with grade IV IVH and a genetic syndrome achieving normal developmental milestones at six months.

Keywords:
antenatal intraventricular hemorrhagefetal intraventricular hemorrhage

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Neurology
  • Fetal Medicine
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Antenatal intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), occurring in utero, has a 1-5 per 10,000 incidence.
  • Fetal intracranial hemorrhages carry a poor prognosis, with up to 40% mortality and less than 50% of survivors experiencing normal neurodevelopmental outcomes.
  • Limited data exists on the neurodevelopmental prognosis of antenatally diagnosed intracranial hemorrhages.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a case of a healthy term infant with a prenatally diagnosed grade IV fetal IVH.
  • To highlight the neurodevelopmental outcome in a case of severe antenatal IVH associated with a genetic syndrome.
  • To contribute to the understanding of outcomes for fetal intracranial hemorrhage.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a term infant diagnosed with unilateral grade IV IVH and bilateral cerebral ventriculomegaly prenatally.
  • Post-natal evaluation including MRI, infectious, and hematologic assessments.
  • Genetic testing revealing a 15q11.2 deletion syndrome.

Main Results:

  • The infant was discharged home on day 18, tolerating feeds and gaining weight appropriately.
  • Serial neuroimaging showed no progression of the hemorrhage.
  • At 6 months of age, the infant was meeting all developmental milestones.

Conclusions:

  • Despite the generally poor prognosis associated with fetal intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), especially grade III or IV, favorable outcomes are possible.
  • Genetic factors may play a role in the presentation and outcome of antenatal IVH.
  • This case underscores the importance of comprehensive evaluation and individualized counseling for parents regarding fetal ICH.