[Zoster myelitis. Immunological study and treatment with acyclovir]

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Infectious Diseases
• Immunology

Background:

• Herpes zoster, commonly known as shingles, is caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus.
• Thoracic herpes zoster can present with dermatomal rash and neuropathic pain.
• Myelopathy is a serious neurological condition affecting the spinal cord.

Observation:

• A 52-year-old male patient presented with thoracic herpes zoster.
• The patient subsequently developed myelopathy, a complication affecting the spinal cord.
• Intrathecal synthesis of antibodies against the varicella-zoster virus was confirmed.

Findings:

• The case demonstrates a link between thoracic herpes zoster and subsequent myelopathy.
• Evidence of intrathecal varicella-zoster virus antibody production confirmed viral involvement in the central nervous system.
• Prompt administration of acyclovir resulted in significant clinical improvement of the myelopathy.

Implications:

• This case highlights the potential for varicella-zoster virus reactivation to cause serious neurological complications like myelopathy.
• Antiviral therapy, such as acyclovir, can be effective in treating zoster-associated myelopathy.
• Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing this rare but severe neurological complication.