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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of the Urinary System01:20

Disorders of the Urinary System

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The urinary system is responsible for eliminating waste and excess fluids from the body. However, disorders of the urinary system can arise due to various reasons like infections, stress, age, congenital abnormalities, and lifestyle.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common urinary system disorders. They are caused by bacteria that enter the urethra and can spread to the bladder resulting in cystitis. Pyelonephritis is the result of a UTI that has ascended to the level of the...
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The ureters are retroperitoneal tubes located on either side of the vertebral column. They are responsible for transporting urine from each kidney to the urinary bladder. These tubes have thick walls and are approximately 25-30 cm long. Their diameter is around 10 mm at the renal pelvis, gradually narrowing to 1 mm as the ureter obliquely enters the posterior bladder wall through the ureteric orifices. The shape of these orifices is slit-like, which helps to prevent urine backflow toward the...
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The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule are two essential components of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. These microscopic structures play a critical role in the process of blood filtration to produce urine.
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The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
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Bladder Outcomes in Bilateral Renal Agenesis.

Margaret Meagher1, Elizabeth Ingulli2, Sarah Marietti1

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Children with bilateral renal agenesis (a rare congenital condition) often lack viable bladders. This study details bladder management strategies for these patients undergoing renal transplantation.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Urology
  • Congenital Anomalies
  • Renal Medicine

Background:

  • Bilateral renal agenesis is a rare congenital urinary anomaly.
  • It is associated with lethal pulmonary hypoplasia.
  • Amnioinfusion may improve survival but bladder anatomy remains poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To document bladder anatomy in living patients with bilateral renal agenesis.
  • To describe bladder management strategies in these patients undergoing renal transplantation.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of five children diagnosed prenatally with bilateral renal agenesis.
  • Serial amnioinfusion was administered.
  • Clinical course, including transplantation and bladder management, was analyzed.

Main Results:

  • None of the five patients had a viable bladder upon radiographic or endoscopic evaluation.
  • Four out of five patients received renal transplantation.
  • Concurrent cutaneous ureterostomy was performed in transplanted patients.

Conclusions:

  • This is the first report detailing bladder anatomy in living patients with bilateral renal agenesis.
  • Bladder anomalies necessitate novel urinary drainage management during transplantation.
  • A management strategy for urinary drainage in these patients is presented.