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Mastication Influences Human Brain Anatomy.

Lucia Lopez-Chaichio1, Pablo Galindo-Moreno2, Miguel Padial-Molina2

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fewer functional occlusal pairs in the mouth are linked to reduced brain matter volume and cerebral cortex thickness. This association may impact areas critical for Alzheimer's disease and dementia progression.

Keywords:
Alzheimer diseasecognitive declinedental occlusiongray matterwhite matter

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Dental Medicine
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Brain structure and volume are crucial indicators of cognitive health.
  • Dental occlusion, the alignment of teeth, may influence systemic health.
  • Previous research has not extensively explored the link between dental occlusion and brain anatomy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between the number of functional occlusal pairs and brain anatomical changes.
  • To assess correlations between white matter volume, grey matter volume, and cerebral cortex thickness with occlusal status.

Main Methods:

  • Observational clinical study involving 70 patients.
  • Non-invasive brain analysis using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
  • Quantification of grey matter, white matter, and cortical thickness using SPM12 and CAT12 software; statistical analysis via Spearman correlation and multiple regression.

Main Results:

  • A lower number of functional occlusal pairs was significantly correlated with reduced white matter volume in specific brain regions (e.g., external capsule).
  • Reduced grey matter volume was observed in areas including the temporal gyrus and cerebellum.
  • Decreased cerebral cortex thickness, particularly in the frontal cortex, was associated with fewer occlusal pairs.

Conclusions:

  • The number of functional occlusal pairs is associated with brain structural integrity.
  • Findings suggest a potential link between oral health (occlusion) and brain regions implicated in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's.