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Clinical Characteristics and Postoperative Growth in Japanese Children with Craniopharyngioma

Yuri Mukoyama1, Shun Moriguchi1, Fumihiko Takizawa1

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Clinical Endocrinology
|February 28, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Early detection of craniopharyngioma (CP) in children is crucial. This study found that specific clinical symptoms and postoperative growth patterns, particularly those related to hypothalamic involvement, can aid in early diagnosis and optimal patient care.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Neuro-oncology

Background:

  • Craniopharyngioma (CP) diagnosis in children is often delayed due to nonspecific symptoms.
  • Identifying early indicators and understanding postoperative growth is vital for optimal management of pediatric CP.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical characteristics of craniopharyngioma in Japanese children.
  • To analyze postoperative growth patterns, including height and BMI changes, in pediatric CP patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of medical records from 73 Japanese children diagnosed with CP between 2000-2022.
  • Assessment of clinical symptoms, height, and BMI standard deviation scores (SDSs) pre- and post-surgery (trans-sphenoidal or trans-cranial).
  • Evaluation of growth without growth hormone (GWGH) and its association with hypothalamic involvement and preoperative hydrocephalus.

Main Results:

  • Neurologic, endocrine, and ophthalmic symptoms were chief complaints in 34.2%, 30.1%, and 30.1% of patients, respectively.
  • Growth without growth hormone (GWGH) was observed in 13% of patients one year post-surgery, with a higher incidence in those with MRI-evident hypothalamic involvement.
  • Preoperative hydrocephalus was significantly associated with postoperative GWGH at one year (p=0.037).

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric craniopharyngioma presents with distinct clinical features and postoperative growth dynamics.
  • School-based auxological measurements could potentially aid in the early diagnosis of CP in children.
Abstract

Keywords:
Craniopharyngiomagrowth patternsgrowth without growth hormonepaediatric brain tumours

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