Micelle nanogel-based drug delivery system for lutein in ocular administration

Recent studies have demonstrated that antioxidants like lutein considerably lower the prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), which has been connected to blindness in numerous older adults. By halting oxidation, antioxidants reduce the damage that free radicals do. However, the short residence time, low stability, and poor solubility of lutein limit their ocular bioavailability following topical application. This study aimed to develop and characterize a micelle nanogel formulation for the ocular delivery of lutein. The micelle nanogel delivery system suggests a novel therapeutic strategy for administering ocular drugs due to its longer retention on the ocular surface, improved corneal permeability, and lowering the need for frequent administration. We developed a nanosized lutein micelle and incorporated it into a gel base to increase the solubility and ocular permeability. The micelle nanoformulation underwent evaluations like mean particle size, entrapment efficiency (EE), zeta potential, in vitro release investigations, ex vivo permeation tests, cell line studies, and Hen's egg test chorioallantoic membrane (HET-CAM). This nanoformulation exhibited favorable particle size (205.2 ± 15.36 nm), PDI (0.3 ± 0.20), and zeta potential (- 14.2 to + 11.3 mV) with 84.5 ± 1.75% entrapment efficiency. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed compatibility, while TEM showed nanoscale spherical structures. F4 demonstrated effective corneal penetration, enhanced fibroblast viability, antioxidant activity (IC₅₀: 55.11 µg/mL), and mild ocular irritancy and better wound healing properties. Based on the results, the formulations were proven safe and efficient for drug delivery to the eyes.