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During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA.  Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
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Long noncoding RNA USP30-AS1 promotes influenza A virus replication by enhancing PHB1 function.

Xiuhua Yu1, Ning Su2, Jinna Luo2

  • 1Department of Pediatric Respiration, Children's Medical Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China.

Veterinary Microbiology
|February 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Influenza A virus (IAV) hijacks a host long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), USP30-AS1, to boost its replication. This lncRNA, USP30-AS1, modulates protein stability and interactions to promote viral spread.

Keywords:
IAVLncRNAPHB1USP30-AS1

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Gene Regulation

Background:

  • Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate gene expression and are implicated in host-virus interactions.
  • The precise functions of most differentially expressed lncRNAs during viral infections are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize host lncRNAs involved in influenza A virus (IAV) replication.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which lncRNAs influence IAV-host interplay.

Main Methods:

  • Identification of IAV-induced lncRNAs.
  • Analysis of lncRNA function using gain-of-function and loss-of-function approaches.
  • Investigation of molecular interactions using binding assays and protein stability studies.

Main Results:

  • The host antisense lncRNA USP30-AS1 is induced by IAV via the JAK-STAT pathway.
  • USP30-AS1 directly binds prohibitin 1 (PHB1), stabilizing it by sequestering it from TRIM21.
  • USP30-AS1 enhances the PHB1-IRF3 interaction, inhibiting IRF3 nuclear import.

Conclusions:

  • USP30-AS1 is a viral factor hijacked by IAV to promote its replication.
  • USP30-AS1 modulates PHB1 stability and IRF3 function, offering a novel mechanism in IAV-host interactions.
  • This study highlights the critical role of lncRNAs in viral pathogenesis.