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Paeonol inhibits NETs-mediated foam cell inflammation through the CitH3/NLRP3/caspase-1 signaling pathway in

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Paeonol, a natural compound, effectively reduces atherosclerosis by inhibiting neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and foam cell inflammation. It targets the CitH3/NLRP3/caspase-1 pathway, offering a novel therapeutic approach for this chronic inflammatory disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease driven by lipid-rich foam cells and inflammatory mediators.
  • Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), released by neutrophils, are present in atherosclerotic plaques, but their role in foam cell inflammation is unclear.
  • Paeonol possesses anti-inflammatory properties, yet its precise mechanisms in atherosclerosis require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate paeonol's effects on NET formation and NET-induced foam cell inflammation.
  • To explore the underlying pharmacological mechanisms of paeonol's anti-atherosclerotic action.

Main Methods:

  • An atherosclerosis mouse model was established using ApoE-/- mice fed a high-fat diet for 12 weeks.
  • In vitro studies assessed the impact of NETs on foam cell inflammation.
  • The role of CitH3 and NLRP3 in NET-foam cell interactions was examined.
  • Paeonol's regulatory effects on NET formation and the CitH3/NLRP3/caspase-1 pathway were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Paeonol significantly suppressed atherosclerosis progression, reduced NET formation, and lowered inflammatory factors in ApoE-/- mice.
  • In vitro, NETs exacerbated foam cell inflammation, with CitH3 mediating intercellular communication and NLRP3 acting as a key receptor.
  • Paeonol regulated NET formation and markedly mitigated NET-induced foam cell inflammation.

Conclusions:

  • Paeonol inhibits NET-induced foam cell inflammation via the CitH3/NLRP3/caspase-1 signaling pathway.
  • This study elucidates a novel pharmacological mechanism for paeonol's anti-atherosclerotic effects.
  • Paeonol demonstrates therapeutic potential for atherosclerosis by targeting NETs and foam cell-mediated inflammation.