Endogenous opioid activity in clinical hemorrhagic shock

Plasma beta-endorphin, cortisol and total opioid-like activities were measured upon arrival at the hospital in ten patients with extensive trauma and in a state of shock and 11 patients with minor injury. Patients in a state of shock had significantly (p less than 0.01) higher mean plasma beta-endorphin immunoreactivity than patients with minor trauma (128.8 +/- 24.8 picomolars versus 31.7 +/- 5.6 picomolars). There were no significant intergroup differences in the mean plasma cortisol concentration (27.7 +/- 4.7 micrograms per deciliter versus 20.6 +/- 2.7 micrograms per deciliter) or opioid ligand activity (2.28 +/- 0.62 nanomolars versus 3.17 +/- 0.99 nanomolars). These data are consistent with the hypothesis that certain endogenous opioids may be physiopathologic factors in hemorrhagic shock but provide no proof of a cause and effect relationship.