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Related Concept Videos

Projectile Motion: Example01:18

Projectile Motion: Example

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The theory of projectile motion is very useful for players of several sports to improve their performance. For example, a javelin thrower needs to throw their javelin in such a way that it travels as far as possible. The javelin thrower takes a short run-up to increase the initial speed of the javelin. The range of a projectile is at its maximum at a 45° angle so javelin throwers try to angle their throw as close to 45° as possible.
When we speak of the range (R) of a projectile on...
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Projectile Motion01:20

Projectile Motion

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An object thrown in the air follows a parabolic path under the influence of Earth's gravitational force. The motion of such an object is called projectile motion, and the object itself a projectile. The parabolic path followed by the projectile is called the trajectory. Some common examples of projectile motion are the launching of fireworks, a golf ball in the air, meteors entering the Earth's atmosphere, and the firing of bullets.
When an object falls under gravity and has no...
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Impact: Problem Solving01:26

Impact: Problem Solving

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In an experiment conducted during a Mars mission, a rover propels a projectile with an initial velocity, and the projectile rebounds after colliding with the Martian surface. To ascertain the maximum height attained by the projectile after this collision, the known restitution coefficient and acceleration due to gravity are employed.
By designating the launch point as the origin and utilizing kinematic equations, the vertical component of the projectile's velocity at the point of impact is...
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Projectile Motion: Equations01:26

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Projectile motion is commonly observed in our day-to-day life. For example, a basketball thrown by a player, an arrow shot from a bow, and kids jumping into the pool, all undergo projectile motion.
Any projectile motion problem can be solved by using the following strategy:
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Motion of a Projectile01:23

Motion of a Projectile

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Projectile motion becomes evident when a player kicks the ball into the air. The launch angle, or the angle at which the ball is kicked, plays a crucial role in determining the trajectory of the projectile. As the ball soars through the air, influenced solely by gravity, its motion can be dissected into two independent velocity components: the horizontal and the vertical.
Horizontal motion, governed by the initial kick, maintains a constant velocity throughout the flight of the soccer ball.
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Force and Momentum01:17

Force and Momentum

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Force and momentum are intimately related. Force acting over time can change momentum, and Newton's second law of motion can be stated in its most broadly applicable form in terms of momentum. Momentum can be applied to systems where the mass is changing, such as rockets, as well as to systems of constant mass. Also, momentum continues to be a key concept in the study of atomic and subatomic particles in quantum mechanics. One can consider systems with varying mass in some detail; however,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2025

Measuring Neural and Behavioral Activity During Ongoing Computerized Social Interactions: An Examination of Event-Related Brain Potentials
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Return to Play Throwing Programs.

Adrik Z Da Silva1, James W Connelly1, Peter N Chalmers1

  • 1Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.

Clinics in Sports Medicine
|February 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Overhead throwing athletes often sustain injuries. This article provides criteria for initiating throwing and an evidence-based program to help injured baseball players return to their previous level of performance after surgery or non-surgical treatment.

Keywords:
BaseballOverhead athleteReturn to playReturn to throwUlnar collateral ligament

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Rehabilitation Science

Background:

  • Overhead throwing athletes, particularly baseball players, experience a high incidence of injuries.
  • Current literature offers limited data on structured return-to-throw (RTS) programs.
  • Effective rehabilitation strategies are crucial for athletes to regain function and performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline specific criteria for baseball players to meet before commencing throwing activities post-injury.
  • To describe an evidence-based throwing program designed for the rehabilitation of overhead athletes.
  • To enhance the chances of athletes returning to their pre-injury level of throwing performance.

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of existing literature on throwing mechanics and injury rehabilitation.
  • Development of a phased RTS program based on clinical evidence and expert consensus.
  • Identification of objective and subjective criteria for progression through rehabilitation stages.

Main Results:

  • Established clear criteria for initiating the throwing program, focusing on pain-free range of motion and strength.
  • Detailed a progressive throwing protocol, starting with low-intensity drills and gradually increasing volume and intensity.
  • Guidelines are applicable to both operative and non-operative injury management.

Conclusions:

  • Implementing structured RTS criteria and programs is essential for the successful rehabilitation of overhead throwing athletes.
  • This evidence-based approach can optimize the return to sport for baseball players following injury.
  • Standardized guidelines improve consistency in care and outcomes for injured throwing athletes.