Anesthesia and EMI: Ensuring Safe CIED Management During Surgical Procedures

When planning surgical procedures for patients with conventional pacemakers, leadless pacemakers, cardiac resynchronization therapy devices, or implantable cardioverter-defibrillators, it is imperative to assess the risk of electromagnetic interference to ensure the safe functioning of these cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) during surgery. This paper explores the strategies for managing both conventional CIEDs and leadless devices during such procedures, emphasizing the importance of the preoperative evaluation, appropriate device programming, intraoperative monitoring, and postoperative evaluation. This report highlights the critical role of collaboration with cardiology and the CIED team in ensuring patient safety during surgical procedures. Ultimately, diligent intraoperative management, adherence to guidelines when available, and preparedness to address any complications are essential for protecting CIED function during surgical procedures.