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The role of wheezing subtypes in the development of early childhood asthma

Donald E Warden1, Hongmei Zhang2, Yu Jiang2

  • 1Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, 38152-0001, USA. dewarden@memphis.edu.

Respiratory Research
|February 28, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Identifying specific early childhood wheezing patterns, not just wheezing occurrence, can predict asthma risk. Certain wheeze trajectories, like progressive non-infectious wheeze, are linked to higher asthma development.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric respiratory health
  • Asthma epidemiology
  • Developmental pediatrics

Background:

  • Early childhood wheezing is a known risk factor for later-life asthma.
  • Understanding wheezing patterns is crucial for predicting asthma development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify distinct wheezing trajectories in early childhood.
  • To examine the association of these trajectories with asthma and lung function later in life.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized group-based trajectory models on data from the Isle of Wight Birth Cohort (IOWBC) F2-generation (n=603).
  • Tracked wheeze prevalence and type (general, infectious, non-infectious) from 3 to 72 months.
  • Analyzed associations between identified wheeze trajectories (ages 3-36 months) and asthma/lung function at 6 years.

Main Results:

  • Identified distinct trajectories for general, infectious, and non-infectious wheezing.
  • Four trajectories were associated with increased asthma risk: 'Progressive' non-infectious, 'Early Occurrence' non-infectious, 'Persistent' infectious, and 'Persistent' general wheeze.
  • The 'Infrequent/Never' wheeze trajectory served as the reference group.

Conclusions:

  • Wheeze trajectories, categorized by etiology, are significant risk factors for asthma.
  • Early identification of specific wheeze patterns, beyond mere occurrence, can inform clinical interventions.
  • Findings highlight the complex, multifactorial nature of asthma onset and potential for early risk mitigation.
Abstract

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