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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2025

In Vivo Quantification of Hip Arthrokinematics during Dynamic Weight-bearing Activities using Dual Fluoroscopy

In Vivo Quantification of Hip Arthrokinematics during Dynamic Weight-bearing Activities using Dual Fluoroscopy

Published on: July 2, 2021

Facet joint distance measurement using digital tomosynthesis while standing.

Daniel Oravec¹, Razeen Zaman¹, Sudhaker Rao²

¹Bone and Joint Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA.

Journal of Biomechanics

|March 1, 2025

Summary

Accurately measuring spinal facet joint space dynamically is crucial for understanding back pain. A new digital tomosynthesis method shows promise for precise 3D facet gap assessment under physiological load.

Keywords:

Digital tomosynthesis Facet degeneration Facet joint Lumbar spine Osteoarthritis

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Published on: August 8, 2019

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Last Updated: May 24, 2025

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Published on: August 8, 2019

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Radiology
Orthopedics

Background:

The zygapophyseal (facet) joint is vital for spinal stability and load transmission.
Facet degeneration, linked to aging and osteoarthritis, can cause lower back pain due to decreased facet joint space.
Current static imaging methods cannot assess dynamic changes in facet joint space under load, impacting the understanding of spinal segmental stability.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate the feasibility of a novel 3D digital tomosynthesis (DTS) method for measuring facet joint space.
To assess the accuracy and reliability of DTS in quantifying facet joint space changes under physiological loading conditions.
To evaluate the potential of DTS for characterizing dynamic facet joint behavior relevant to spinal stability.

Main Methods:

Development and application of a novel 3D digital tomosynthesis (DTS) imaging technique.
Measurement of facet joint space in supine and standing positions to simulate varying physiological loads.
Comparison of DTS measurements with microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) reference values for accuracy assessment.
Pilot in vivo study involving seven participants to evaluate dynamic loading effects.

Main Results:

Facet gap measurements using DTS showed strong correlation (r=0.98) and high accuracy (<20 µm error) compared to micro-CT.
The DTS method successfully detected changes in median facet joint space under physiological loading.
Significantly larger median facet joint space was observed in the standing position compared to the supine position (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions:

The novel 3D DTS method provides accurate and feasible measurement of facet joint space.
This technique can characterize dynamic changes in facet joint space under physiological load, which is critical for assessing spinal stability.
The DTS approach offers a valuable tool for clinical assessment of facet joint conditions, potentially improving diagnosis and management of lower back pain.