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Early-life nutrition and schooling
Florencia Borrescio-Higa1, Carlos Guillermo Bozzoli2, Federico Droller3
1Business School, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Chile.
Social Science & Medicine (1982)
|March 2, 2025
Summary
Chile's supplemental nutrition program significantly boosted education. Children exposed to the milk program gained 0.18 years of schooling, improving long-term educational outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Economics
- Education Policy
Background:
- Malnutrition poses a significant barrier to child development and educational attainment.
- Supplemental nutrition programs can play a crucial role in mitigating early-life nutritional deficiencies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the long-term educational impact of a large-scale supplemental nutrition program in Chile.
- To quantify the effect of early-life nutritional intervention on years of schooling for children aged 6-13.
Main Methods:
- Utilized individual-level data from Chilean national censuses (1970, 1982, 1992).
- Employed variation in milk distribution across provinces and time to estimate program effects.
- Conducted regression analysis to determine the impact of program exposure on educational attainment.
Main Results:
- Exposure to the milk program increased years of schooling by 0.18 years.
- The largest effects were observed for cohorts born between 1969 and 1976, coinciding with program expansion.
- The program accounted for approximately 20% of the total growth in educational attainment during the study period.
Conclusions:
- Early-life nutritional interventions have a substantial positive impact on long-term educational outcomes.
- Supplemental nutrition programs can be an effective tool for improving human capital and reducing educational disparities.
- Policy interventions focusing on nutrition demonstrate significant returns on educational attainment for a considerable population segment.
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