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Related Concept Videos

Cranial Nerves: Types Part I01:14

Cranial Nerves: Types Part I

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Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves, with the first six being essential in sensory perception, motor control, and autonomic functions related to the head and neck.
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Cranial Nerves: Types Part II01:22

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Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves. While the first six innervate the head and neck, the latter six nerves innervate the head and neck, as well as organs and tissues in the thoracic and abdominal cavities. They facilitate communication, expression, and autonomic control within the human body.
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Cranial Nerves: Overview and Anatomy01:19

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The cranial nerves are an important part of the complex network of nerves in the human body. These nerves emerge directly from the brain and are responsible for transmitting essential information between the brain and various parts of the head and neck. There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves, systematically numbered using Roman numerals from I to XII, beginning from the anterior and moving to the posterior of the brain. Each cranial nerve is uniquely identified by names that reflect its function...
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Cranial Part of Parasympathetic Division01:18

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The cranial part of the parasympathetic division plays a crucial role in regulating the visceral functions of the head and specific structures in the neck, thoracic, and abdominopelvic cavities. Preganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic division exit the brain through cranial nerves III (oculomotor), VII (facial), IX (glossopharyngeal), and X (vagus), delivering parasympathetic output to the respective visceral structures.
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Spinal Nerves: Plexus I01:22

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Nerve plexuses are networks of interlacing nerves that serve as communication hubs to distribute and organize nerve action across various body regions. The nerve plexuses are organized into the cervical plexus located in the neck region, brachial plexus in the shoulder area, lumbar plexus found in the lower back, sacral plexus situated in the pelvis, and coccygeal plexus located in the coccygeal region.
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Accessory Structures of the Eye01:17

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Optical perception, or vision, is an extraordinary sense dependent on converting light signals received via the ocular organs. These organs, known as eyes, are securely positioned within the bony cavities of the skull, called orbits. The orbits serve a dual purpose: a protective shield for the ocular globes and a stable attachment point for the soft ocular tissues. The eye's external protective mechanisms include the eyelids, which are edged with lashes that act as a barrier against foreign...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2025

Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer
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[Benign recurrent 6th nerve palsy].

Jeppe Vibæk Jensen1, Sarah von Holstein1,2, Jon Peiter Saunte1

  • 1Afdeling for Øjensygdomme, Københavns Universitetshospital - Rigshospitalet - Glostrup.

Ugeskrift for Laeger
|March 3, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Benign recurrent sixth nerve palsy, a rare condition, can occur in children. This case highlights a nine-year-old boy with recurrent episodes linked to infections, resolving quickly without an identified cause.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Benign recurrent sixth nerve palsy is uncommon, typically affecting young children.
  • Isolated sixth nerve palsy involves weakness or paralysis of the eye muscle controlling outward movement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of benign recurrent isolated left sixth nerve palsy in a nine-year-old boy.
  • To emphasize the importance of considering this diagnosis in children with similar presentations.

Main Methods:

  • Case report detailing clinical presentation, investigations, and outcomes.
  • Diagnostic workup included MRI scans, lumbar punctures, and blood tests.
  • Diagnosis of exclusion after ruling out other causes.

Main Results:

  • The patient experienced recurrent episodes of isolated left sixth nerve palsy.
  • Episodes were associated with upper respiratory tract infections and resolved spontaneously within 2-3 weeks.
  • Extensive investigations revealed no underlying etiology.

Conclusions:

  • Benign recurrent isolated sixth nerve palsy is a diagnosis of exclusion.
  • Consider this condition in well-appearing children, particularly when preceded by febrile illness.