Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2025

Scanning Electron Microscopy of Macerated Tissue to Visualize the Extracellular Matrix
10:21

Scanning Electron Microscopy of Macerated Tissue to Visualize the Extracellular Matrix

Published on: June 14, 2016

9.9K

The Role of Signalling Pathways in Myocardial Fibrosis in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Patryk Skórka1, Jakub Piotrowski1, Estera Bakinowska1

  • 1Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.

Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine
|March 3, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), a genetic heart condition, involves cardiac fibrosis driven by cell interactions and signaling pathways. Monitoring pro-fibrotic molecules may help predict patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Genetics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited heart disease, characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy and fibrosis.
  • Cardiac fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, and their interactions with cardiomyocytes and immune cells are key drivers of fibrosis progression in HCM.
  • The complex pathogenesis of HCM involves multiple signaling pathways, with transforming growth factor-beta and angiotensin II being frequently studied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence on the role of signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
  • To explore the potential of monitoring pro-fibrotic molecules for predicting clinical outcomes in HCM patients.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current evidence on signaling pathways in HCM pathogenesis.
  • Discussion of the role of pro-fibrotic molecules in HCM progression and clinical outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Signaling pathways, including TGF-β and Angiotensin II, are critically involved in cardiac fibrosis development in HCM.
  • Cellular interactions between fibroblasts, cardiomyocytes, and immune cells significantly contribute to fibrosis progression.
  • Pro-fibrotic molecules show potential as biomarkers for predicting clinical outcomes in HCM.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the intricate signaling pathways and cellular interactions is crucial for elucidating HCM pathogenesis.
  • Monitoring pro-fibrotic molecules may offer a novel strategy for risk stratification and outcome prediction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients.

Keywords:
cardiac fibrosishypertrophic cardiomyopathysignalling pathwaystransforming growth factor-β1

More Related Videos

Suppression of Pro-fibrotic Signaling Potentiates Factor-mediated Reprogramming of Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts into Induced Cardiomyocytes09:16

Suppression of Pro-fibrotic Signaling Potentiates Factor-mediated Reprogramming of Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts into Induced Cardiomyocytes

Published on: June 3, 2018

7.2K
An Approach to Study Shape-Dependent Transcriptomics at a Single Cell Level06:02

An Approach to Study Shape-Dependent Transcriptomics at a Single Cell Level

Published on: November 2, 2020

5.6K

Related Concept Videos

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways01:19

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
6.2K
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
1.4K
MAPK Signaling Cascades01:07

MAPK Signaling Cascades

Mitogen-activated protein kinase, or MAPK pathway, activates three sequential kinases to regulate cellular responses such as proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. The canonical MAPK pathway starts with a mitogen or growth factor binding to an RTK. The activated RTKs stimulate Ras, which recruits Raf or MAP3 Kinase (MAPKKK), the first kinase of the MAPK signaling cascade. Raf further phosphorylates and activates MEK or MAP2 Kinases (MAPKK), which in turn phosphorylates MAP...
5.1K
The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway01:20

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as  SH2...
8.6K
Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade01:22

Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade

When a ligand binds to a cell-surface receptor, the receptor's intracellular domain changes shape, which may either activate its enzyme function or allow its binding to other molecules. The initial signal is amplified by most signal transduction pathways. This means that a single ligand molecule can activate multiple molecules of a downstream target. Proteins that relay a signal are most commonly phosphorylated at one or more sites, activating or inactivating the protein. Kinases catalyze...
8.2K
Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not...
4.2K