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Related Concept Videos

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)01:27

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)

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The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) serves as the primary classification system for mental health disorders, providing standardized diagnostic criteria for clinicians and researchers. First published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952, the DSM has undergone several revisions to reflect evolving psychiatric understanding. The fifth edition, DSM-5, released in 2013, introduced key updates that expanded diagnostic categories and modified diagnostic...
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Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
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Drugs can be classified according to their chemical composition or their intended therapeutic application. For instance, anti-infective agents that possess the ability to eliminate pathogens or suppress their growth and reproduction can be grouped based on the organisms they target or their chemical structure. Furthermore, drugs can be divided into prescription, nonprescription, or controlled substances. Prescription medications, such as antibiotics, require oversight from a licensed healthcare...
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During the development of a new pharmaceutical, the manufacturer initially assigns a code name to the drug. Once approved, the drug receives a United States Adopted Name (USAN)—a generic, nonproprietary designation. Upon being listed in the United States Pharmacopeia, this nonproprietary name becomes the drug's official name. Additionally, the manufacturer assigns a proprietary name or trademark, which serves as the brand name under which the drug is marketed. It is worth noting that...
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Classification of Illness

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The meaning of illness is individualized to each person who experiences an alteration in health. In contrast, disease is a medical term indicating a pathological change in the structure and function of the body or mind. It is a condition that has specific symptoms and boundaries.
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Medications are typically administered to achieve therapeutic effects. Some drugs can modify an individual's mood and perception, frequently resulting in various enjoyable experiences. However, this can result in drug dependency, a condition marked by continuous drug use despite potential negative consequences. Drug dependency primarily falls into two categories: psychological and physical dependence. Psychological dependence occurs when the pleasurable feelings induced by the drug...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2025

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Stigmatizing Language in Substance Use-related International Classification of Diseases Codes.

Neeraj Chhabra, Huiyi Hu, Rebecca T Feinstein

    Journal of Addiction Medicine
    |March 3, 2025
    PubMed
    Summary

    Diagnosis codes in the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision, clinical modification (ICD-10-CM) contain stigmatizing language related to substance use disorders. This language, particularly the term "abuse," should be updated to promote destigmatized healthcare.

    Keywords:
    ICD codediagnosis codestigmastigmatizing languagesubstance use

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    Area of Science:

    • Medical Informatics
    • Public Health
    • Psychiatry

    Background:

    • Healthcare-associated stigma negatively impacts treatment engagement for patients with substance use disorders.
    • Efforts to reduce stigmatizing language in clinical notes exist, but its presence in structured diagnosis codes is under-researched.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the prevalence of stigmatizing language within the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision, clinical modification (ICD-10-CM) diagnosis code descriptions related to substance use disorders.

    Main Methods:

    • Examined 74,259 ICD-10-CM code descriptions for terms identified as stigmatizing by the National Institute on Drug Abuse.
    • Analyzed codes obtained from the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

    Main Results:

    • Identified 173 ICD-10-CM codes containing stigmatizing language.
    • The most frequent stigmatizing term was "abuse" (157 codes), followed by "alcoholic" (16 codes) and "drug abuser" (2 codes).
    • "Abuse" was associated with a wide range of substances, including alcohol, opioids, cannabis, and others.

    Conclusions:

    • Stigmatizing terminology is present in numerous ICD-10-CM code descriptions.
    • Future revisions of ICD-10-CM should adopt destigmatized language to align with current recommendations and prevent perpetuating stigma in healthcare settings.