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Multi-nanoparticle-based composite for diagnostic X-ray shielding in computed tomography applications: a Monte Carlo

Sofiene Mansouri¹

¹Department of Biomedical Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, 11942, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia. s.mansouri@psau.edu.sa.

Radiation and Environmental Biophysics

|March 3, 2025

Summary

This study evaluated nanoparticle-polymer composites for radiation shielding. Combinations of nanoparticles (NPs) with K-edge values near X-ray energies offer superior shielding, especially for computed tomography (CT) applications.

Keywords:

Composite polymer High-Z nanoparticles Monte Carlo Multi-nanoparticle X-ray shielding

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Radiation Physics
Polymer Nanocomposites

Background:

Existing research on nanoparticle (NP) polymer composites for radiation shielding has gaps in evaluating combined NPs.
Functional polymers and high-Z NPs are crucial for advanced radiation shielding materials.
Computed tomography (CT) applications require effective and specialized radiation shielding solutions.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically evaluate the synergistic potential of individual and combined high-Z NPs within specialized polymer matrices.
To assess the radiation shielding effectiveness of various nanocomposites for CT applications.
To identify optimal NP-polymer combinations for enhanced X-ray attenuation across different energy levels.

Main Methods:

Incorporation of single and mixed nanoparticles (Gd2O3, Sm2O3, CeO2, HfO2, IrO2, Bi2O3, WO3) into polymer matrices (CPVC, PCS, PTFCE, PTFE, PVC, PVDC).
Utilized Geant4 Monte Carlo simulations to assess shielding effectiveness.
Evaluated nanocomposite performance at various X-ray energies (80, 100, 120, and 140 kVp).

Main Results:

Nanocomposites with Sm2O3 and Gd2O3 showed superior X-ray attenuation at 80 and 100 kVp.
HfO2 nanocomposites demonstrated enhanced shielding at 120 and 140 kVp.
Multi-filler nanocomposites (Sm2O3+HfO2, Gd2O3+Bi2O3, Gd2O3+IrO2) exhibited improved performance at specific energy ranges, with Gd2O3+IrO2 being optimal at 100 and 120 kVp.

Conclusions:

Combining NPs with K-edge values close to the mean X-ray energy significantly enhances shielding capabilities compared to single NPs.
The studied nanocomposites show great potential for radiation protection applications, particularly in medical imaging like CT.
Synergistic effects in multi-filler nanocomposites offer tailored radiation shielding solutions for specific energy spectra.