Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 24, 2025
13:31
High Speed Sub-GHz Spectrometer for Brillouin Scattering Analysis
Published on: December 22, 2015
14.9K
OpenFMR: An open-source broadband ferromagnetic resonance spectrometer
Tiago de Oliveira Schneider1, Shalini Sharma1, Amir Khan1
1New Materials Electronics Group, Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Merckstr. 25, 64283 Darmstadt, Germany.
The Review of Scientific Instruments
|March 3, 2025
Summary
This study presents an accessible, broadband ferromagnetic resonance spectrometer up to 30 GHz, ideal for research and education. Built with off-the-shelf parts and 3D printing, it offers user-friendly software for data acquisition and analysis.
Area of Science:
- Physics
- Materials Science
- Spectroscopy
Background:
- Ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) spectroscopy is crucial for characterizing magnetic materials.
- Existing FMR systems can be expensive and complex, limiting accessibility for research and education.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a cost-effective and user-friendly broadband ferromagnetic resonance spectrometer.
- To provide an open-source platform for FMR research and educational purposes.
Main Methods:
- Utilized off-the-shelf electronic components and 3D printed parts for spectrometer construction.
- Designed and analyzed a grounded coplanar waveguide (GCPW) printed circuit board (PCB).
- Developed a software suite for data acquisition (command-line/script-driven, GUI) and analysis.
Main Results:
- Successfully constructed and demonstrated a broadband FMR spectrometer with a frequency range up to 30 GHz.
- Validated the system's performance through measurements on 1 nm thick ferromagnetic thin films.
- Presented a complete PCB design and analysis for the GCPW.
Conclusions:
- The developed FMR spectrometer is suitable for both scientific research and educational applications.
- The open-source design lowers the barrier to entry for advanced magnetic material characterization.
- The system's modularity and ease of assembly make it a versatile tool.
Related Concept Videos
01:20NMR Spectrometers: Overview
1.0K
NMR spectrometers consist of a strong magnet, a radiofrequency transmitter, and a detector attached to a computer console for recording spectra of samples containing NMR-active nuclei. In first-generation NMR instruments called continuous-wave spectrometers, the resonance frequencies of the nuclei are determined by frequency-sweep or field-sweep methods. The magnetic field strength is fixed and the rf signal is swept in the former, while the radiofrequency signal is fixed and the magnetic field...
1.0K
01:17NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences
721
A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.
721
01:14NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction
649
When magnetic nuclei in a sample achieve resonance and undergo relaxation, the signal detected in NMR is an approximately exponential free induction decay. Fourier transform of an exponential decay yields a Lorentzian peak in the frequency domain. Lorentzian peaks in an NMR spectrum are defined by their amplitude, full width at half maximum, and position, where the peak width is governed by the spin-spin relaxation time alone. In real experiments, however, the applied magnetic field is rendered...
649
01:26Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview
277
A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
277
01:25IR Spectrometers
1.1K
There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
1.1K