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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 20, 2026

Multi-modal Imaging of Angiogenesis in a Nude Rat Model of Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Volumetric Computed Tomography and Ultrasound
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Fast 3D Breast Imaging With a Transmission-Based Microwave System.

Pedram Mojabi, Jeremie Bourqui, Elise Fear

    IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
    |March 3, 2025
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study presents a fast, 3D quantitative reconstruction method for microwave breast imaging. The approach enables accurate permittivity reconstruction for tumor detection and breast density estimation.

    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Medical Imaging
    • Electromagnetics

    Background:

    • Microwave breast imaging is emerging for tumor detection, treatment monitoring, and breast density estimation.
    • Existing quantitative 3D imaging methods often rely on complex full-wave inverse scattering or iterative algorithms.
    • Most prior works utilize 2D quantitative images or qualitative 3D reconstructions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce a fast and efficient 3D quantitative reconstruction algorithm for microwave breast imaging.
    • To enable accurate 3D permittivity reconstruction without prior information or iterative full-wave solutions.
    • To validate the algorithm using experimental data from phantoms and human participants.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed a 3D quantitative reconstruction algorithm based on a straight-line wave propagation assumption, analogous to ray tracing.

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  • Employed a novel, wideband microwave transmission system with direct breast contact, eliminating the need for a matching medium.
  • Applied the algorithm to experimental data from graphite phantoms and four healthy participants across multiple frequency points.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved quantitative 3D permittivity reconstruction for graphite phantoms with varying inclusion characteristics, validated against 3D CT scans.
    • Demonstrated successful 3D quantitative permittivity reconstruction in healthy participants, with images compared to mammograms.
    • Confirmed the stability of the 3D permittivity reconstruction over three distinct time points for participants.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed algorithm offers a fast and efficient method for 3D quantitative microwave breast imaging.
    • The technique shows promise for accurate tumor detection, treatment monitoring, and breast density assessment.
    • Experimental validation with phantoms and human subjects supports the clinical applicability of this novel approach.