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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Neuroscience
    • Electrical Engineering

    Background:

    • Peripheral nerve interfaces are crucial for neuroprosthetics and neuromodulation.
    • Existing interfaces often lack selectivity, concurrent control, and miniaturization for long-term implantation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present a mm-sized, implantable neural interface for bidirectional peripheral nerve control.
    • To demonstrate highly selective, concurrent control of nerve sections using microchannel electrodes and an ASIC.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed a 0.18 μm CMOS application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) for neural interfacing.
    • Integrated high-voltage stimulation (45 V) and low-voltage recording (1.8 V) with microchannel electrodes.
    • Utilized biphasic stimulus pulses and measured action potentials across a 10 kHz bandwidth with a low-noise amplifier.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved selective, concurrent control of 300-μm nerve sections.
    • Stimulation parameters: up to 124 μA, 2 μA resolution, 7.4 Hz-20 kHz frequency.
    • Recording parameters: 10 kHz bandwidth, up to 72 dB gain, 2.74 μVrms input-referred noise.
    • Demonstrated artifact reduction and 1-ms amplifier recovery time.
    • Validated in-vitro feasibility for closed-loop control and ex-vivo concurrent stimulation/recording.

    Conclusions:

    • The presented neural interface enables precise, bidirectional control of peripheral nerves.
    • The ASIC design is suitable for miniaturized, implantable systems for neuromodulation and neuroprosthetics.
    • The technology shows promise for advanced closed-loop neural control applications.