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High efficiency focusing vortex generation and multichannel multiplexing based on terahertz metasurfaces
Wenyu Li1,2,3, Tianhua Meng1,3, Lijuan Dong1,3
1Institute of Solid State Physics, Shanxi Datong University, Datong, 037009, China.
Scientific Reports
|March 3, 2025
Summary
This study introduces a novel bilayer metasurface capable of manipulating terahertz waves for advanced communication. It enables orbital angular momentum multiplexing, boosting data capacity using compact, multifunctional devices.
Area of Science:
- Photonics and Metamaterials
- Electromagnetics and Wave Manipulation
Background:
- Single-function metasurfaces limit advanced applications due to low integration density.
- Orbital angular momentum (OAM) multiplexing is crucial for increasing transmission capacity in communication systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose and demonstrate a multifunctional, multiplexing metasurface for terahertz (THz) applications.
- To design ultrathin, compact metasurfaces for advanced wavefront manipulation and OAM communication.
Main Methods:
- Design of a bilayer Pancharatnam-Berry phase unit cell operating at dual frequencies in the THz band.
- Fabrication of ultrathin metasurfaces with sub-wavelength thickness for wavefront control.
- Experimental verification using three multifunctional metasurface designs, including vortex metalenses and segmented metasurfaces.
Main Results:
- Achieved high cross-polarization conversion ratios of 86.3% and 88.5% at two distinct THz frequencies.
- Demonstrated focusing of vortex beams at sub-wavelength scales using designed metalenses.
- Successfully realized simultaneous multichannel OAM multiplexing with frequency selection and polarization dependence.
Conclusions:
- The proposed bilayer metasurface unit cell enables the creation of compact, multifunctional devices for THz applications.
- The demonstrated metasurfaces support advanced OAM multiplexing, paving the way for high-capacity, spectrally efficient communication.
- This work advances photonic integration and multiplexing technologies for next-generation communication systems.

