Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 24, 2025

Antigenic Liposomes for Generation of Disease-specific Antibodies
Published on: October 25, 2018
Unusual presentations of myasthenia gravis and misdiagnosis
Emel Oguz-Akarsu1, Sarra El Hamida Lazrak2, Gizem Gullu2
1Department of Neurology, Uludag School of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Gorukle, Bursa, Turkey. emelakarsu@uludag.edu.tr.
Abstract:
Myasthenia gravis (MG) poses diagnostic challenges due to its diverse clinical presentations. Diagnosing MG remains complex despite advancements, necessitating further understanding of its diverse clinical profiles. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 290 MG cases. Patient demographics, symptomatology, and diagnostic outcomes were reviewed. Patients were categorized into two groups: those displaying classical presentations and those manifesting unusual presentations. The patients with unusual presentations were comprehensively evaluated and the demographic and clinical characteristics of the two groups were compared. In our study of 290 patients with MG, 20 presented with unusual manifestations (6.9%). These included isolated dropped head, bilateral facial weakness, distal limb weakness (e.g., foot and hand drop), weakness of limb-girdle muscles, and isolated ocular findings without ptosis. When patients were categorized into two groups based on their initial symptoms, no significant differences in demographic and clinical features were observed between the classical and unusual groups, except for a higher prevalence of anti-MuSK antibodies and more frequent administration of rituximab in patients with unusual presentations. Recognizing unusual MG presentations is crucial for timely management. Our study underscores the diverse clinical spectrum of MG, emphasizing the need for nuanced diagnostic approaches and prompt intervention.
Related Concept Videos
Myasthenia Gravis: Diagnostic Tests
The edrophonium test is a diagnostic tool for myasthenia gravis. It involves...
Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment
These antibodies interfere with the function of the nicotinic receptors in three ways: by binding to the receptor and disrupting acetylcholine binding; by causing cross-linking of receptors which...
Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease II: Clinical Features and Management
Clinical Manifestations
GERD presents itself in a multitude of ways, with symptoms varying from person to person. The hallmark symptoms are...
Muscle Contraction
Gastritis III: Clinical Manifestations and Management
Clinical manifestations of acute gastritis
The patient with acute gastritis may have a rapid onset of symptoms, such as epigastric pain or discomfort, dyspepsia, anorexia, hiccups, or nausea and vomiting, which can last from a few hours to a few days. Erosive or hemorrhagic gastritis may cause bleeding, which may manifest as blood in vomit or as...

