Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 24, 2025

Muscle Imbalances: Testing and Training Functional Eccentric Hamstring Strength in Athletic Populations
Published on: May 1, 2018
Effects of static and dynamic stretching techniques on muscle function
Kouichi Nakamura1, Sota Nakano2, Daisuke Tsuchikawa3
1Department of Shizuoka Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Tokoha University: 1-30 Mizuochichou, Aoi-ku, Shizuuoka-shi, Shizuoka 420-0831, Japan.
Abstract:
[Purpose] To examine the effects of a combination of static stretching (SS) and dynamic stretching (DS) on muscle function. [Participants and Methods] There were 32 healthy male participants. The hamstrings were the target muscles. Flexibility was measured using the straight leg raise test and muscle output was measured using a manual muscle force meter. The two measurements were compared before and after stretching, and between the group that first performed SS and the group that first performed DS. [Results] Flexibility improved significantly after stretching compared to the level before stretching when either SS or DS was performed first. However, there were no significant differences in muscle output or in between-group comparisons for any indicator. [Conclusion] There were no differences between the stretching techniques, suggesting that either combination of stretching may improve flexibility but with little effect on muscle output.
Related Concept Videos
Exercise and Muscle Performance
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
Muscle Stimulation Frequency
Wave summation
At low firing rates, motor neurons induce individual twitch contractions in muscle fibers. These twitches...
Relaxation of Skeletal Muscles
When an action potential reaches the axon terminal, it depolarizes the membrane and opens voltage-gated sodium channels. Sodium ions enter the cell, further depolarizing the presynaptic membrane. This depolarization causes voltage-gated calcium channels to open....
Isotonic and Isometric Muscle Contractions
Isotonic contractions
Isotonic contractions occur when a muscle changes length while...
Motor Unit Stimulation
The latent period of contraction marks the onset of excitation-contraction coupling, when the action potential propagates across the sarcolemma, preparing the muscle fibers for contraction. As the fibers enter the contraction phase, the...
Directly Acting Muscle Relaxants: Dantrolene and Botulinum Toxin
The binding of dantrolene to the RYR1...

