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Related Concept Videos

Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this information.
Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory01:22

Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory

Improving short-term memory can be achieved through techniques like chunking and rehearsal. Chunking involves organizing information into larger, more manageable units. This technique is particularly useful for information that exceeds the typical memory span of between five and nine items. For instance, logging into an online account with a password like "ta89vq0179gz" involves grouping letters and numbers into three chunks—ta89, vq01, and 79gz. It makes large amounts of information more...
Long-Term Memory01:18

Long-Term Memory

Long-term memory is a relatively permanent type of memory, capable of storing vast amounts of information over extended periods. Its storage capacity is generally considered unlimited.
Long-term memory can be categorized into two primary types: explicit and implicit memory. Explicit memory, also known as declarative memory, involves the conscious recollection of information that we deliberately try to remember, recall, and articulate. This type of memory encompasses specific facts, events, and...
Serial Position Effect01:03

Serial Position Effect

The serial position effect is a cognitive phenomenon where individuals are more likely to recall the first and last items in a list compared to those in the middle. This effect is divided into the primacy effect and the recency effect. The primacy effect is observed when the initial items in a list are remembered better. This occurs because these items are rehearsed more frequently or receive more elaborative processing, allowing them to be encoded into long-term memory more effectively. For...
Chunking01:12

Chunking

Chunking is a powerful cognitive technique that improves short-term memory retention by organizing information into smaller, more manageable units. The brain, limited by working memory capacity, can more easily process and store information when it is divided into "chunks" rather than presented as discrete, unrelated elements. Chunking is especially useful when dealing with large amounts of information, such as numerical sequences, words, or complex ideas.
The principle behind chunking is...
Mnemonic Devices01:23

Mnemonic Devices

Mnemonic devices are cognitive tools that facilitate memory retention by linking new information to familiar patterns or organizational strategies. These techniques are beneficial for remembering complex or lengthy sets of information by simplifying and structuring them in easily retrievable ways.
Acronyms
Acronyms are created by using the initial letters of a series of words to form a new word or phrase. This approach condenses complex information into a single, memorable entity. For example,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children – Working Memory (CABC-WM)
09:05

Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children – Working Memory (CABC-WM)

Published on: June 12, 2017

Aspects of digit-span performance: naming time and order memory.

J P Das

    American Journal of Mental Deficiency
    |May 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Children's memory span depends on how fast they identify items and recall their order. For children with intellectual disabilities, faster naming correlated with longer digit spans, unlike typically developing children.

    Area of Science:

    • Cognitive Psychology
    • Developmental Psychology
    • Neuroscience

    Background:

    • Individual differences in memory span tasks, such as digit span, are influenced by item identification speed (naming time) and memory for order.
    • Understanding these factors is crucial for assessing cognitive abilities, particularly in diverse developmental populations.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the relationship between naming time, order memory, and digit span in children with and without intellectual disabilities.
    • To determine if naming time influences digit span differently across these groups.

    Main Methods:

    • An experiment was conducted involving 40 children with educable mental retardation (EMR) and 40 nonretarded children.
    • Digit span, naming time, and order memory were measured for all participants.

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    Last Updated: Jul 11, 2026

    Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children – Working Memory (CABC-WM)
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    Published on: June 12, 2017

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    Main Results:

    • Digit span and order memory showed significant correlations in both EMR and nonretarded children.
    • Naming time correlated with digit span only in EMR subjects, where digit span was a linear function of digits named within 2.89 seconds.
    • No relationship between naming time and digit span was observed in nonretarded children.

    Conclusions:

    • The findings suggest that naming speed is a significant factor in digit span performance for EMR children, potentially reflecting working memory capacity limitations.
    • The distinct relationship in EMR children highlights the interplay between item identification and sequential memory processes in this population.
    • These results underscore the importance of considering both speed and order components when evaluating memory span in children with intellectual disabilities.