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Updated: May 24, 2025

Direct Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy of Extracellular Vesicles in Three Dimensions
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Extracellular vesicles and preterm infant diseases

Wenqain Chen1,2, Supasek Kongsomros2, Alexander Thorman2

  • 1Department of Neonatology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital; College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.

Frontiers in Pediatrics
|March 4, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are crucial in preterm infant diseases. This review explores their role in diagnosis and therapy for conditions like necrotizing enterocolitis and sepsis.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Cell Biology
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Improving perinatal care increases survival of preterm infants, but also preterm-related diseases.
  • Diseases like necrotizing enterocolitis and bronchopulmonary dysplasia pose diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in preterm infants.
  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are key intercellular communicators involved in the pathophysiology of these conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the biological properties of EVs.
  • To examine the relationship between EVs and preterm-related diseases.
  • To discuss the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of EVs in preterm infants.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on extracellular vesicles and preterm infant diseases.
  • Analysis of the role of EVs in the pathophysiology of conditions such as necrotizing enterocolitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, perinatal brain injury, retinopathy of prematurity, and sepsis.
  • Evaluation of EVs as biomarkers and therapeutic agents.

Main Results:

  • EVs are integral to intercellular communication and play a regulatory role in preterm-related diseases.
  • The unique biological characteristics of EVs suggest their potential as biomarkers for early diagnosis.
  • EVs show promise as therapeutic agents for managing preterm infant diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Extracellular vesicles represent a significant area of research for understanding and treating preterm infant diseases.
  • EVs offer potential as both diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic agents, despite clinical application challenges.
  • Further research is needed to translate the potential of EVs into clinical practice for improving outcomes in preterm infants.

Keywords:
biomarkersdiseasesextracellular vesiclespreterm infantstherapeutics

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