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Related Concept Videos

Spermatogenesis01:41

Spermatogenesis

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Spermatogenesis is the process by which haploid sperm cells are produced in the male testes. It starts with stem cells located close to the outer rim of seminiferous tubules. These spermatogonial stem cells divide asymmetrically to give rise to additional stem cells (meaning that these structures “self-renew”), as well as sperm progenitors, called spermatocytes. Importantly, this method of asymmetric mitotic division maintains a population of spermatogonial stem cells in the male...
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Meiosis I01:49

Meiosis I

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Meiosis is a carefully orchestrated set of cell divisions, the goal of which—in humans—is to produce haploid sperm or eggs, each containing half the number of chromosomes present in somatic cells elsewhere in the body. Meiosis I is the first such division, and involves several key steps, among them: condensation of replicated chromosomes in diploid cells; the pairing of homologous chromosomes and their exchange of information; and finally, the separation of homologous chromosomes by...
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Meiosis II01:57

Meiosis II

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Meiosis II is the second and final stage of meiosis. It relies on the haploid cells produced during meiosis I, each of which contain only 23 chromosomes—one from each homologous initial pair. Importantly, each chromosome in these cells is composed of two joined copies, and when these cells enter meiosis II, the goal is to separate such sister chromatids using the same microtubule-based network employed in other division processes. The result of meiosis II is two haploid cells, each...
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Fertilization01:38

Fertilization

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During fertilization, an egg and sperm cell fuse to create a new diploid structure. In humans, the process occurs once the egg has been released from the ovary, and travels into the fallopian tubes. The process requires several key steps: 1) sperm present in the genital tract must locate the egg; 2) once there, sperm need to release enzymes to help them burrow through the protective zona pellucida of the egg; and 3) the membranes of a single sperm cell and egg must fuse, with the sperm...
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Development of the Sexual Organs in the Embryo and Fetus01:15

Development of the Sexual Organs in the Embryo and Fetus

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Development of the reproductive organs in an embryo starts from a bipotential state. This means the early embryo can develop either male or female reproductive organs. The formation of these organs begins with the growth of gonadal ridges that arise from the intermediate mesoderm during the fifth week of development.
Near the gonadal ridges, two duct systems are present: the mesonephric ducts (Wolffian ducts) and paramesonephric ducts (Müllerian ducts). These ducts form the basis for the...
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Cleavage and Blastulation01:33

Cleavage and Blastulation

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After a large-single-celled zygote is produced via fertilization, the process of cleavage occurs while zygotes travel through the uterine tube. Cleavage is a mitotic cell division that does not result in growth. With each round of successive cell division, daughter cells get increasingly smaller.
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Updated: May 24, 2025

Measuring Embryonic Viability and Brood Size in Caenorhabditis elegans
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Normal embryo development needs MEIG1-mediated sperm formation.

Yi Sheng1, Yi Tian Yap2, Wei Li2

  • 1Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.

FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
|March 4, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Meiosis expressed gene 1 (MEIG1) is crucial for male fertility and sperm chromatin remodeling. This study reveals MEIG1

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Spermatogenesis

Background:

  • Normal embryo development depends on healthy sperm and oocytes.
  • Sperm chromatin defects are linked to poor embryo development.
  • The mechanism of nuclear protein replacement during spermatogenesis is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Meiosis expressed gene 1 (MEIG1) in male fertility and embryogenesis.
  • To explore MEIG1's function in sperm chromatin remodeling.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with sperm from Meig1 knockout (KO) mice.
  • Assessed fertilization rates and embryo development to the blastocyst stage.
  • Analyzed sperm DNA damage.

Main Results:

  • Significantly reduced fertilization rates were observed in Meig1 KO mice.
  • Few embryos developed to blastocysts, indicating impaired embryogenesis.
  • Severe sperm DNA damage was associated with the absence of MEIG1.

Conclusions:

  • MEIG1 plays a critical, previously unrecognized role in embryogenesis, extending beyond its known function in spermatogenesis.
  • MEIG1 likely influences embryogenesis by remodeling sperm chromatin.
  • Defects in MEIG1 lead to compromised sperm quality and developmental potential.