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The Formation of Starch-Lipid Inclusion Complex by Enzymatic Hydrolysed Oils
Fatma Nur Akgül1, Hümeyra Çetin-Babaoğlu1, Sultan Arslan-Tontul2
1Agricultural Faculty, Food Engineering Department, Selçuk University, Konya, 42130, Türkiye.
Plant Foods for Human Nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)
|March 4, 2025
Summary
Enzymatic hydrolysis of oils created free fatty acids, enhancing starch lipid complex formation. This process effectively limited starch digestion, producing resistant starch (RS5) with a lower expected glycemic index.
Area of Science:
- Food Science
- Biochemistry
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- Enzymatic hydrolysis offers a method to modify oil properties.
- Starch lipid complexes can influence starch digestibility and glycemic response.
- Resistant starch (RS) has potential health benefits by resisting digestion.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate enzymatic hydrolysis of sunflower, olive, and flaxseed oils.
- To assess the impact of hydrolysed oils on starch complexation with high amylose maize starch.
- To evaluate the properties of the resulting starch lipid complexes, focusing on resistant starch formation and glycemic index.
Main Methods:
- Enzymatic hydrolysis of triglyceride oils.
- Complexation of hydrolysed oils with high amylose maize starch.
- Analysis of free fatty acid content, fatty acid composition, and oxidation precursors.
- X-ray diffraction (XRD) for V-type complex formation analysis.
- Determination of resistant starch content and predicted glycemic index.
Main Results:
- Enzymatic hydrolysis significantly increased free fatty acid content to 45% without altering fatty acid profiles or oxidation precursors.
- Complexation with hydrolysed flaxseed oil effectively limited starch digestion.
- The highest resistant starch content (69.11%) and predicted glycemic index (56.44) were observed in starch-lipid complexes formed with hydrolysed flaxseed oil.
- V-type crystalline structures were formed exclusively in complexes involving hydrolysed oils, confirmed by XRD.
Conclusions:
- Enzymatic hydrolysis of oils, particularly polyunsaturated fatty acids, yields free fatty acids suitable for starch complexation.
- Starch lipid complexes formed with hydrolysed oils, especially flaxseed oil, are effective in producing resistant starch type 5 (RS5).
- This approach offers a viable method for producing RS5 with modulated glycemic properties.
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