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Related Experiment Video

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Simultaneous Application of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation during Virtual Reality Exposure

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Veterans at High Risk for Post-COVID-19 Suicide Attempts or Other Self-Directed Violence.

David P Bui¹, Meike Niederhausen^1,2, Alex W Hickok¹

¹Center to Improve Veteran Involvement in Care, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, Oregon.

JAMA Network Open

|March 4, 2025

Summary

US veterans with COVID-19 face elevated suicide risks. Two distinct subgroups, one older with physical conditions and one younger with mental health issues, show particularly high rates of suicide attempts or self-directed violence (SDV) post-infection.

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Area of Science:

Public Health
Epidemiology
Mental Health Research

Background:

US veterans exhibit higher suicide rates than the general population.
COVID-19 infection is linked to an increased risk of suicide attempts and self-directed violence (SDV) among veterans.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify specific subgroups of veterans at high risk for suicide attempts or SDV following COVID-19 infection.
To understand the distinct health profiles associated with elevated post-COVID-19 suicide risk in veteran populations.

Main Methods:

Retrospective cohort study utilizing Veteran Health Administration (VHA) data.
Analysis of VHA enrollees diagnosed with COVID-19 between May 2021 and April 2022.
Latent class analysis to identify risk subgroups; multinomial regression to model outcome risk.

Main Results:

The study included 285,235 veterans with COVID-19, with common conditions including chronic pain, depression, and PTSD.
Two high-risk subgroups for suicide attempts/SDV were identified: an older group (≥65 years) with prevalent physical conditions, and a younger group (<65 years) with a high prevalence of mental health conditions.
The younger, mentally-ill subgroup showed a significantly elevated risk (14 times higher) of suicide attempts/SDV compared to the lowest-risk subgroup.

Conclusions:

Two distinct veteran subgroups with elevated post-COVID-19 suicide attempt/SDV rates were identified, characterized by different health profiles.
These findings suggest that tailored suicide prevention strategies are necessary for different veteran subgroups after COVID-19.
Understanding these distinct profiles is crucial for targeted interventions and improving mental health support for veterans.