Increasing Research Productivity and Step 2 Score Among Matched Orthopaedic Surgery Residents: A Forecasting Analysis...

Orthopaedics has consistently been among the most competitive residency specialties in which to match. The purpose of this study was to evaluate trends in important data as provided by the National Resident Matching Program regarding orthopaedic surgery residency and to project future averages for successful applicants.

"Charting Outcomes in the Match" are biennial reports published by the National Resident Matching Program, listing applicant characteristics stratified by specialty. We collected data between 2014 and 2024 for allopathic medical school seniors from the United States that successfully matched into orthopaedic surgery residency. Regression analysis was performed to predict research productivity and United States Medical Licensing Examination Step 2 scores to the year 2040.

Research productivity and Step 2 score have shown notable trends among matched orthopaedic surgery residency applicants, with research productivity following an exponential increase ( R2 = 0.988, P < 0.001) and Step 2 scores following a linear trend ( R2 = 0.925, P = 0.002). In accordance with these models, by the year 2040, matched applicants are projected to have an average of 165.6 (95% prediction interval, 107.8 to 254.5) publications, posters, abstracts, and presentations and an average Step 2 score of 266 (95% prediction interval, 261 to 271) points, outperforming the 87th percentile. Specifically, Step 2 score is projected to increase by 1.1 point every 2 years with the limitation that the upper limit score is 300.

Research productivity and USMLE Step 2 scores among matched orthopaedic surgery residency applicants are projected to increase in the coming years. These findings can inform medical school administration, residency programs, and orthopaedic leadership to optimize their programs for student, resident, and organizational success. Moreover, it may be time to reconsider the importance of these metrics as a perpetual increase in scores and research activity is not sustainable nor equitable.