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Batteries and Fuel Cells

Batteries and Fuel Cells

A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...

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Updated: May 24, 2025

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques

Published on: November 11, 2013

High-Energy Density Li-Ion Battery Cathode Using Only Industrial Elements.

Eshaan S Patheria¹, Pedro Guzman², Leah S Soldner¹

¹Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|March 4, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a new lithium-ion battery cathode using abundant elements like aluminum, iron, and sulfur. This scalable, low-cost material offers high energy density, crucial for renewable energy storage solutions.

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Construction and Testing of Coin Cells of Lithium Ion Batteries

Construction and Testing of Coin Cells of Lithium Ion Batteries

Published on: August 2, 2012

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Electrochemistry
Energy Storage

Background:

Lithium-ion batteries are vital for renewable energy, but cathode material scalability is limited by scarce elements.
A need exists for next-generation battery cathodes using abundant, industrially scalable elements.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce a novel Li-rich cathode material based on Li2FeS2 for scalable energy storage.
To investigate the role of aluminum substitution in enhancing cathode performance.

Main Methods:

Synthesis and characterization of a novel Li-rich cathode material (Li-Al-Fe-S system).
Electrochemical testing to evaluate gravimetric capacity and energy density.
Mechanistic studies to understand the role of Al substitution in delithiation and anion redox.

Main Results:

The developed cathode exhibits high gravimetric capacity (≈450 mAh·g-1) and energy density (≳1000 Wh·kg-1).
Aluminum substitution enables high degrees of anion redox by stabilizing the delithiated state.
Suppression of detrimental phase transformations facilitates deep delithiation and enhanced performance.

Conclusions:

A scalable, low-cost Li-rich cathode material composed of abundant elements (Al, Fe, S) has been successfully developed.
Aluminum substitution is a key strategy for unlocking high performance in next-generation Li-ion battery cathodes.
This research provides a pathway for developing sustainable and high-capacity energy storage solutions.