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Exploring Cardiopulmonary Interactions: A Novel Phase-Amplitude Coupling Method.

Pengyan Tao, Chien-Hung Yeh, Weifeng Li

    Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference
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    This study reveals enhanced cardiopulmonary coupling (CPC) during music listening, showing stronger respiratory influence on heart rate. The novel direct modulation index (dMI) method offers robust analysis for cardiovascular research.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cardiovascular Physiology
    • Autonomic Nervous System Regulation
    • Respiratory Control Mechanisms

    Background:

    • Cardiopulmonary coupling (CPC) describes intricate interactions between the autonomic nervous system and respiratory control.
    • Understanding these bidirectional influences on heart rate variability (HRV) and respiration is crucial for cardiovascular health assessment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce and validate a novel phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) method using the direct modulation index (dMI) for analyzing heart rate and respiration interactions.
    • To investigate the effects of listening to classical music on cardiopulmonary coupling.

    Main Methods:

    • Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) was used to decompose RR intervals and respiration signals into intrinsic mode functions (IMFs).
    • Phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) analysis was performed using the direct modulation index (dMI) on the decomposed IMFs.
    • Participants' cardiopulmonary coupling was assessed while listening to classical music.

    Main Results:

    • A significant enhancement in respiration-RR interval (RESP-RR) interactions was observed during music exposure.
    • Listening to music led to a stronger influence of respiratory patterns on heart rate, indicative of a relaxed state.
    • Pronounced cardiopulmonary coupling was detected in the low-frequency bands during music listening.

    Conclusions:

    • The study highlights complex, bidirectional interactions between breathing and heart rate, particularly influenced by auditory stimuli like music.
    • The dMI-based PAC method is presented as a robust and noise-resistant tool for analyzing these interactions.
    • Findings suggest potential clinical applications for dMI in cardiovascular research and diagnostics.