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Assisting Sit-To-Stand Through Event-Based Electrical Stimulation of Trunk Control: A Preliminary Study.

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    Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference
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    Summary

    Functional electrical stimulation (FES) of erector spinae muscles, combined with a lower limb exoskeleton, shows promise for assisting sit-to-stand (STS) in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). This hybrid approach may enhance trunk stability and promote greater independence.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Neurorehabilitation
    • Assistive Technology

    Background:

    • Functional mobility is crucial for independence, yet spinal cord injury (SCI) severely impairs it.
    • Existing assistive technologies like functional electrical stimulation (FES) and exoskeletons have limitations for sit-to-stand (STS) tasks.
    • Hybrid FES exoskeletons offer potential but often neglect trunk muscle activation, critical for SCI individuals.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the feasibility and effects of FES targeting the erector spinae muscles for STS assistance in conjunction with a wearable lower limb exoskeleton.
    • To analyze joint kinematics during STS in healthy and SCI participants, with and without FES.
    • To explore how FES of the erector spinae influences trunk motion during STS in SCI.

    Main Methods:

    • A wearable lower limb exoskeleton was utilized.
    • Functional electrical stimulation (FES) was applied to the erector spinae muscles.
    • Joint kinematics were measured for healthy and SCI participants performing STS with and without FES.

    Main Results:

    • SCI participants exhibited distinct hip motion patterns during STS, including excessive trunk flexion and delayed extension compared to healthy controls.
    • Knee kinematics were comparable between healthy and SCI groups.
    • FES application intensified trunk flexion in SCI participants and initiated movement post-extension, altering trunk dynamics.

    Conclusions:

    • FES of the erector spinae appears feasible for assisting STS in SCI individuals.
    • This stimulation alters SCI trunk motion, potentially improving stability and promoting independence.
    • Hybrid FES exoskeletons targeting trunk muscles could significantly advance mobility solutions for SCI.